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Development of Hazard Assessment System for Durable Suspended Particulute Matters

持久性悬浮颗粒物危害评估系统的开发

基本信息

批准号：
16390176
负责人：
TANAKA Isamu
金额：
$ 8.77万
依托单位：
University of Occupational and Environmental Health
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Approximately 50,000 kinds of chemical substances are used by Japanese industry while more than several hundreds are developed anew every year to meet the demands of diversification. Chemical substances contribute to industrial development and the realization of an affluent lifestyle and thus they have become indispensable to modern society. However, many such substances are harmful and may be adverse to health, depending on the way they are handled, and therefore they need to be adequately managed.To control these risks, it is necessary to perform risk assessment by comprehending the degree of hazard and the amount of exposure. Mutagenicity tests or carcinogenicity tests are legally required for evaluating the potential hazards of chemical substances on human health, but they are no valid testing methods for durable particulate matters.Among durable particulate matters, some, as typified by asbestos and crystalline silica, induce pneumoconiosis, lung cancer or mesothelioma twenty to t … More hirty years after the exposure. As this raises the possibility that some of the newly developed substances are similarly harmful, establishment of a hazard prediction/evaluation system for durable particulate matters is required. To achieve this goal, five-step tests have been systematically conducted, namely : physical and chemical, in vitro, intratracheal instillation, short-term and long-term inhalation tests. With crystalline silica as positive control, the test samples used were potassium titanate with different shapes, fibrous and particulate, composed of the same chemical components and silicon carbide whisker whose demand is expected to increase. The hazard assessment method has been established by integrating the obtained data while a system applicable to all the durable particulate matters has been developed by generalizing the data. The result was particularly suggestive of the direction for the development of new chemical substances by illuminating the difference in activity and biopersistence of the particles in the lung, depending on their shape. Less

日本工业使用的化学物质大约有5万种，而为了满足多样化的需求，每年都会重新开发数百种以上的化学物质。化学物质有助于工业发展和实现富裕的生活方式，因此它们已成为现代社会不可或缺的物质。然而，许多这类物质是有害的，可能对健康不利，这取决于它们的处理方式，因此需要对它们进行适当的管理。为了控制这些风险，有必要通过了解危险的程度和暴露量来进行风险评估。在评估化学物质对人体健康的潜在危害时，法律上要求进行诱变试验或致癌试验，但它们并不是耐久颗粒物的有效测试方法。在耐久颗粒物中，一些以石棉和结晶二氧化硅为代表的物质会导致尘肺、肺癌或间皮瘤20到20…在曝光后又过了半个世纪。由于这增加了一些新开发的物质具有类似危害性的可能性，因此需要建立一个持久颗粒物的危险预测/评估系统。为了实现这一目标，系统地进行了五步试验，即：物理和化学试验、体外试验、气管内滴注试验、短期和长期吸入试验。以结晶二氧化硅为阳性对照，所用样品为具有相同化学成分的不同形状、纤维状和颗粒状的钛酸钾和碳化硅晶须，其需求量预计将增加。通过对获得的数据进行整合，建立了危害评估方法，同时通过对数据进行推广，开发了适用于所有耐久颗粒物的系统。这一结果通过阐明肺中粒子的活性和生物持久性的差异，特别提示了新化学物质的发展方向，这取决于它们的形状。较少

项目成果

期刊论文数量（15）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Expression of heme oxygenase-1 in the lungs of rats exposed to crocidolite asbestos

DOI：
10.1080/08958370590922580
发表时间：
2005-05-15
期刊：
INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Nagatomo, H;Morimoto, Y;Tanaka, I
通讯作者：
Tanaka, I

Effect of Long-Term Inhalation of Toner on Extracellular Matrix in the Lungs of Rats In Vivo

DOI：
10.1080/08958370590904517
发表时间：
2005-01
期刊：
Inhalation Toxicology
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Dr. Yasuo Marimoto;Heungnam Kim;T. Oyabu;M. Hirohashi;H. Nagatomo;A. Ogami;H. Yamato;T. Higashi;I. Tanaka;T. Kasai
通讯作者：
Dr. Yasuo Marimoto;Heungnam Kim;T. Oyabu;M. Hirohashi;H. Nagatomo;A. Ogami;H. Yamato;T. Higashi;I. Tanaka;T. Kasai

Health Effects Due to Particle Matter.

颗粒物对健康的影响。