Development of Nursing Care Guidelines for Children with Cancer and Their Families

目的：在日本，对癌症儿童及其家人的护理存在各种问题。许多护士在护理癌症儿童方面的经验有限，而且没有提供这种护理的基准。日本儿科肿瘤护理学会护理指南研究小组从2006年开始着手制定指南。方法：制定指南的过程：在前期研究和临床报告的基础上，采用问卷调查法和焦点小组访谈的方法，调查护士对护理癌症患儿及其家属的认知，包括医院的护理环境。对219所设有肿瘤科/血液科的医院护士进行问卷调查，4名护士参加焦点小组访谈。指南是根据明确的9个重要领域制定的。23名护士以章节形式编写每个领域，9名轻度学科专业人员对指南进行审计。结果：1)…内容更多指南：指南包括以下9章：(1)说明疾病的诊断或解释--知情同意/同意，(2)症状管理，(3)检查和治疗，(4)医院环境，(5)学校和社会的康复/康复，(6)对长期幸存者的支持，(7)临终关怀，(8)对家庭的支持，(9)儿科肿瘤护士的心理健康。每一章的顶部都有指导原则。2)指南的审核：在2007年的儿科肿瘤护理年会上，指南以初稿的形式分发，111名参会护士被要求在日常护理中使用指南。3个月后，同意的护士回答问卷，4名护士在焦点小组访谈中回答需要修改或修改的项目和内容。护士要求循证护理指南。结论：指南研究小组目前正在研究护理指南。为患有癌症的儿童及其家庭--2008版。较少

Purpose:Nursing care for children with cancer and their families presents various problems in Japan. Many nurses have limited experience in the care for children with cancer and there are no benchmarks for providing such care. Nursing Care Guidelines Study Group of Japanese Society of Pediatric Oncology Nursing has worked on developing the guidelines since 2006.Method:Process of development of the guidelines:Based on prior research and clinical report, we explored nurses' perceptions related to caring for children with cancer and their families including caring environment in the hospitals by questionnaire method and focus group interview. Nurses in 219 hospitals which have oncology/hematology department were examined by questionnaire and 4 nurses participated in the focus group interview. Guidelines were developed according to clarified 9 important domains. 23 nurses wrote each domain as chapters and 9 mild disciplinary professionals audited the guidelines.Results :1) Contents of the … More guidelines:The Guidelines consist of the following 9 chapters;(1) telling the diagnosis or explanation about the disease -informed consent/assent, (2) symptom management, (3) examinations and treatment, (4) hospital environment, (5) rehabilitate/habilitate to school and society, (6) support for long-term survivors, (7) care of the end of life, (8) support for families, (9) mental health of pediatric oncology nurses. Each chapter has guiding principles at the top of the chapter. 2) Examination of the guidelines:In annual seminar of pediatric oncology nursing in 2007, the guidelines were distributed as a first draft and 111 participated nurses were asked to utilize the guidelines in their every day care. After 3 month later, consented nurses answered the questionnaire and 4 nurses answered in a focus group interview about the items and contents to be modified or revised. Nurses asked for evidence-based nursing care guidelines.Conclusion:Now the Guidelines Study Group is working on Nursing Care Guidelines. for Children with Cancer and Their Families-2008 version. Less