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A Sociological Analysis of Transformation of U.S. Immigration Policy after September 11

9月11日之后美国移民政策转变的社会学分析

基本信息

批准号：
16402026
负责人：
KOIDO Akihiro
金额：
$ 4.93万
依托单位：
Hitotsubashi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16402026/
关键词：
migration policy United States IIlegal Immigrants Border

项目摘要

This research tired to analyze the logic and social impacts of the drastic transformation of the U. S. immigration policies after the September 11 terrorists' attacks. On the one hand, this project is an attempt to elucidate internal dynamics of the new bureaucratic system to enforce immigration law created by Homeland Security Act. By doing so it will provide a new perspective to go beyond the common understanding of the influence of clientele politics in the U. S. with regards to migration policy. On the other hand, based upon multiple field research on the diverse areas in the U. S., such as New York and its suburbia, mid-West such as Iowa or Nebraska, and the contested region over the border issue in the south, it made possible for us to analyze the importance of local social power structure and the delicate local social fabrics in respective region. This experience leads us to establish the comparative perspective on social impacts of immigration policies throughout the U. S. While the new more centralized structure of the immigration control took place, in reality it would depend significantly upon what type of local interest group network actually exists or what type of immigrant population lives with what immigration status. Local structure is persistently key intervening variables and it sometimes resists state aggressive enforcement policy while some residents demands intensive immigration in other region.This research could provide a unique analytical approach to more multidimensional and interactive process of immigration policy building as well as execution of immigration law by taking into consideration not only intra-organizational dynamics but also local political-social structure simultaneously.

这项研究致力于分析9月11日恐怖分子袭击后美国移民政策急剧转变的逻辑和社会影响。一方面，该项目试图阐明新官僚体系的内部动态，以执行国土安全法创建的移民法。通过这样做，它将提供一个新的视角，超越对美国庇护政治对移民政策影响的普遍理解。另一方面，基于对纽约及其郊区、爱荷华州或内布拉斯加州等美国中西部地区以及南部边界问题争议地区等美国不同地区的多次实地研究，我们可以分析当地社会权力结构的重要性以及当地微妙的社会结构。这一经验使我们对整个美国移民政策的社会影响建立了比较视角。虽然出现了新的更加集中的移民控制结构，但实际上它在很大程度上取决于实际存在的当地利益集团网络类型或什么类型的移民人口以什么移民身份生活。地方结构始终是关键的干预变量，有时会抵制国家激进的执法政策，而一些居民则要求在其他地区进行密集移民。这项研究不仅考虑组织内部的动态，还同时考虑当地的政治社会结构，可以为移民政策制定和移民法的执行的多维和互动过程提供独特的分析方法。