Transnationalization of Labor Market and Restructuring in Local Society: International Relocation of Manufacturing Plants and Foreign Workers in Northern Kanto Area.

本研究的目的是分析产业结构调整，特别是制造业向发展中国家的转移，对在日本国内就业的移民劳动力的影响，特别关注空间维度，即日本国内地区间的劳动分工和特定地区的产业集聚。本研究分为三个层次：1）去工业化程度与外国居民比例之间关系的空间分析; 2）外国居民和产业活动的动态变化分析; 3）在茨城县内居住和就业最密集的两个当地社区进行密集的实地调查。利用GIS软件对在日外国人的空间分布进行分析，结果表明，在日本，外国人的居住地呈分散化趋势，并在特定的区域（如东京和名古屋的外围地区）增加，这些区域由于其特定产品对市场变化和技术创新的敏感性，保留了更多的制造业活动。通过对茨城县的区域分析，发现了茨城县西部地区外国人人口分布的特殊性。相当小的当地社区吸引了巴西日本人，这导致农村地区的外国人口密度极高。在这些小社区的两个实地调查分析产生了丰富的数据，他们的居住变化，空间和行业的变化，他们的工作，他们的职业和个人生活的时间结构的模式。

The objective of this research project is to analyze the effects of industrial restructuring, especially relocation of manufacturing to developing countries, on immigrant labor employed within Japan with special attentions to spatial dimension, i.e. inter-regional division of labor within Japan, and industrial agglomeration in specific regions. The research constitutes of three levels: 1) Spatial analysis of relationship between degree of de-industrialization and proportion of foreign resident; 2) analysis of dynamic change of location of foreign resident and industrial activities; 3) intensive field work in two local communities where foreign population, i.e. Brazilian Japanese, live and are employed in the highest density within Ibaragi prefecture. Spatial analysis of foreign population in Japan by GIS program showed that they tend to decentralize their residence and increase in some particular area, i.e. outer periphery of Tokyo and Nagoya, where more manufacturing activities have been reserved because their particular products are sensitive to market change and technological innovation. Through regional analysis of Ibaragi prefecture, we found the particular decentralization of foreign population in its western part. Quite small local communities attracted Brazilian Japanese, which resulted extremely high density of foreign population in rural area. The fieldwork with survey analysis in two of these small communities produced a rich set of data on their pattern of residential change, spatial and industrial change of their work, and temporal structure of their occupational and personal life.