A descriptive and morphosyntatic study on Kinnauri by fieldwork

金瑙里语是藏缅地区最西部使用的藏缅语之一。这个项目的目的是描述和分析Kinnauri语言。在上一个项目期间，我对Kinnauri语言进行了简短的语法研究，包括音系系统、动词形态和大小写标记。在这个项目期间，我主要对动词形态和格标记进行了更详细的研究。首先，我收集了有关不及物动词和使物动词（使物-不及物交替）之间的形态语义对应的数据。据说金瑙里语动词的这种交替已经消失，不再使用了。然而，事实上，根据我的研究，Kinnauri有超过20对这种类型的交替。其次，我研究了一个Kinnauri动词后缀，它与中间的声音有关。在Kinnauri语中，中间音后缀-si表示反身性、互反性、复数性（集体性）和不及物性。这也可以发生在一个相对化的动词上，表明先行名词不是相对化动词的主语，或者是它的复数主语，等等。第三，我考虑了动词的重复和面向表达的后缀-5。重复用于表示动作的结果状态，-5用于表示进行状态。除了动词形态，我还收集了格标记的数据。在这学期中，我发现了一些有趣的情况标记的用法，比如器质性的，以及一些具有位置或时间意义的后置小品。在其他词类中，我已经开始收集形容词和副词的数据。有趣的是，与其他藏缅语不同，金瑙里语的形容词似乎具有名词特征。

Kinnauri is one of the Tibeto-Burman languages spoken in the westmost part of the Tibeto-Burman area. The purpose of this project is to describe and analyse the Kinnauri language.I worked on a brief grammar study of the Kinnauri language, such studies concerning the phono-logical system, the verb morphology, and the case markers, during the term of the previous project. During the term of this project, I worked mainly on the verb morphology and case markers more in detail.First, I collected data concerning the morpho-semantic correspondence between intransitive and causative verbs (causative-intransitive alternation). This alternation in Kinnauri verbs is said to be collapsed, and no longer in use. In fact, however, Kinnauri has more than 20 pairs of this type of alternation according to my research.Secondly, I worked on one of the Kinnauri verb suffixes, which relates to the middle voice. In Kinnauri, the middle voice suffix -si expresses reflexive, reciprocal, plurality (collective) of an in-transitive subject, and intransitivization. This can also occur with a relativized verb and indicates either that the antecedent noun is not the subject of the relativized verb, or that it is in its plural subject, and so forth.Thirdly, I considered the reduplication of verbs and the suffix -5 for aspectual expressions. Redu-plication is used to express the resultative state of an action, and -5 to express the progressive aspect.In addition to the verb morphology, I collected data on the case markers. During this term, I found some interesting usages of case markers, such as the instrumental, and some postpositional particles having a locational or temporal meaning.Among the other parts of speech, I have started to collect data for adjectives and adverbs. It is interesting that Kinnauri adjectives seem to have noun features, unlike other Tibeto-Burman languages.