A study on changing process of time perspective and psychological adjustment to school life in a period of transition from junior high school to high school

本研究旨在通过对四年的纵向数据分析，探讨初高中过渡时期儿童时间观和学校生活适应的变化过程。研究对象为3604名初中生、1435名高中生和10名青少年。问卷内容包括自我意识、时间观、对学校生活的态度、与父母的关系、日常生活中的一般不适、对社会和家庭的态度。调查在2004 - 2007年进行了2至4次，对象为三年级学生。所得结果总结如下：1。初中一年级学生到二年级学生的时间观变化如下：(1)“对未来的希望”、“未来取向”和“规划”随年级而降低。(2)“空虚感”随等级2的增加而增加。在初中三年级到高中一年级的过渡时期，学生的意识发生了如下的变化。(1)“对未来的希望”和“规划”下降。相反，“空虚感”和“有未来目标的欲望”增加了。(2)“重要他人”减少。(3)“对学校生活的满意度”和“对学校学科的理解”有所下降。

The purpose of this research was to examine children's changing process of time perspective and adjustment to school life in the period of transition from junior high school to high school by analyzing the longitudinal data over four years. The participants were 3, 604 junior high school students, 1, 435 high school students and 10 adolescents. They were asked to answer the questionnaire which consisted of self consciousness, time perspective, attitude toward school life, relation to parents, general malaise in daily life, and attitude toward society and. The surveys were carried out two to four times in three grade cohort during 2004 - 2007. The obtained results were summarized as follows.1. From first grader to second grader student in a junior high school, time perspective changed as follows. (1) "Hope for the future" "future orientation" and "Planning" decreased with grade. (2) "Emptiness" increased with grade2. In the period of transition from third graders in junior high school to first graders in high school, student's consciousness changed as follows. (1) "Hope for the future" and "Planning" decreased. On the contrary, "Emptiness" and "Desire for having future goals" increased. (2) "Significant others" decreased. (3) "Satisfaction for school life" and "Understanding school subject" decreased.