Basic research on ocean waves and currents using high-frequency ocean radar

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It is more difficult to observe ocean waves by HF ocean radar than ocean currents. The development to estimate ocean waves by HF ocean radar is necessary. Because dual radar systems are required for ocean observation by HF radar, it is difficult to find the place of the antenna deployment. I have developed the method to estimate waves from a single radar array by incorporating the energy balance equation into the analysis of radio wave scattering from the sea surface. Wave spectra are estimated from Doppler spectra on the basis of the energy balance equation and the relationship between the Doppler spectrum and the wave spectrum. It is found that wave spectrum can be estimated even in non-homogeneous wave field case from the simulation study. This method is applied to observed data, and radar-estimated wave heights are compared with in-situ observations. We found that the agreement was good. In addition, the method of the Helmholtz decomposion of ocean currents is developed. Finally, radar-estimated wave directional distributions are compared with those predicted by the model.The agreement of the wave directional distributions is good.