Induction of reparative dentin by Enamel Proteins

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We have shown that enamel matrix derivative (EMD) enhanced reparative dentin formation was associated with a sequential expression of dentin-specific factors in the wounded pulp. Notably, in these studies, expression of pig ameloblastin was detected in pulpal cells in the wound area shortly following EMD application. To confirm a functional role for Ambn in dentinogenesis and to explore the potential use of Ambn for pulpal healing, we investigated if application of recombinant fusion Ambn (rAmbn) onto exposed pulp tissue could enhance pulpal healing and secondary dentin formation by histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry. In rAmbn-treated teeth, a substantial amount of newly formed reparative dentin was observed at the application site, completely bridging the pulpal wound. Dentin formation was also observed in Ca(OH)2 trated teeth; however, the amount of reparative dentin was significantly smaller than after rAmbn treatment. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the new hard tissue formed was similar to dentin. The results suggest potential for rAmbn as a biologically active pulp-dressing agent for enhanced pulpal wound healing and reparative dentin formation after pulpotomy procedures.