Development and Evaluation of Distance Education Using High-Definition Video Transmission with Reduced Camera Work

高清(BD)视频具有宽视角、高分辨率，适合应用于远程教育。通过高清视频，即使没有摄像头，远程学生也可以像现场学生一样学习。东京工业大学教育技术研究开发中心向国内高中和国外大学传送许多讲座。由专业摄影师使用标清 (SD) 视频拍摄的实际距离讲座也是通过高清视频拍摄的，无需任何相机工作。我们对这些视频进行了问卷调查和眼动追踪。主要结果是： 1．专业摄影师正确地拍摄了学生主要看到的区域，但我们定量地证明了学生倾向于看到这些区域之外的区域。因此要让所有学生都满意实际上是不可能的。 2．助教无法控制摄像机，但即使没有任何摄像机工作，高清视频也可以以足够的分辨率显示广阔的区域。因此，它适合用作远程教育媒体。这些结果表明，通过准备宽带网络来传输高清视频可以建立适当的教育环境，同时减少专业摄像人员的劳动力成本。然而，在这些情况下，大屏幕应该做好准备，不要让棋盘上的字符太小。

High-Definition (BD) video has wide view and high resolution, and it can suitably used in distance education. With HD video even without camera work, remote students can study as live students. The Center for Research and Development of Educational Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology transmits many lectures to domestic high schools and foreign universities. Actual distance lectures shot by expert cameramen using Standard-Definition (SD) video are also taken by HD video without any camera work. Those videos are viewed by subjects and we conducted questionnaire survey and eye tracking.The main results are;1. Expert cameramen properly shoot areas where students mainly see, but we demonstrated quantitatively that students tend to see outside of those areas. So it is practically impossible to satisfy all the students.2. Teaching Assistants cannot control a camera, but even without any camera work HD video can show wide area with enough resolution. So it can suitably used as distance education media.These results show that proper educational environment can be set up by preparing wide band network to transmit HD video with reduced labor cost for expert cameramen. In those cases, however, big screen should be prepared not to make characters on the board too small.