Modelling spatial variability of periglacial processes based on a global monitoring network

基于全球监测网络模拟冰缘过程的空间变化

• 批准号: 17300294
• 负责人: MATSUOKA Norikazu
• 金额: $ 9.56万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17300294/
• 关键词: Perilacial processes; Permafrost; Environmental change; Monitoring; Modelling

In periglacial environments, global climatic warming triggers degradation of permafrost and seasonal frost, which in turn, may destabilize mountain slopes and change earth surface conditions. Toward establishing a global network for monitoring periglacial processes, we aimed at constructing model experimental sites, standardizing monitoring techniques and expanding the monitoring network. The three-year project provided the following results.1. Monitoring at model experimental sites in High-Arctic Svalbard promoted improvement and standardization of techniques for frost wedging in bedrock, permafrost creep in talus slopes, frost heave and solifluction on soil slopes and thermal contraction cracking in lowlands, as well as revealed the timing and magnitude of these processes. A variety of geophysical sounding techniques permitted us to visualize the subsurface internal structure and 3-D distribution of ice/water in the ground. Coupling the results from monitoring and sounding, we developed models of the temporal and spatial variations in the periglacial processes.2. The monitoring network was expanded to a variety of periglacial environments in the world, ranging from polar regions (Antarctica and Alaska) to mid-latitude high mountains (Swiss and Japanese Alps, Tibet and Mongolia). The obtained data on frozen ground and periglacial processes enhanced the provisional models to be globally applicable models.3. Cryoturbation and weathering processes, which cannot be monitored directly, laboratory scale models enabled us to estimate the environmental conditions for the processes.4. Base of the above results we predicted future environmental changes associated with permafrost and seasonal frost degradation.

在冰缘环境中，全球气候变暖引发了永久冻土和季节性霜冻的退化，这反过来又可能破坏山坡的稳定并改变地表条件。为了建立一个全球冰缘过程监测网络，我们的目标是建立模型实验场，使监测技术标准化，并扩大监测网络。该三年期项目取得了以下成果。在高北极斯瓦尔巴特群岛的模型实验地点进行的监测，促进了基岩冻楔、岩屑坡永久冻土蠕变、土壤斜坡的冻胀和固溶以及低地热收缩开裂等技术的改进和标准化，并揭示了这些过程的时间和幅度。各种地球物理探测技术使我们能够可视化地下的内部结构和冰/水在地下的三维分布。结合冰缘过程的监测和探空结果，建立了冰缘过程的时空变化模型.监测网络已扩大到世界上各种冰缘环境，从极地地区（南极洲和阿拉斯加）到中纬度高山（瑞士和日本阿尔卑斯山、西藏和蒙古）。所获得的冻土和冰缘过程数据增强了临时模式的全球适用性。低温扰动和风化过程不能直接监测，实验室规模的模型使我们能够估计该过程的环境条件。根据上述结果，我们预测了未来的环境变化与多年冻土和季节性冻土退化。

项目成果

Permafrost sounding(2003-2005) in the source area of the Yellow River, northeastern Tibet

西藏东北部黄河源区多年冻土探测（2003-2005年）

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Geographical Review of Japan 80
• 作者: Ikeda;A.;Sueyoshi;T.;Matsuoka N.;Ishii;T. and Uchida;Y.
• 通讯作者: Y.

Permafrost sounding(2003-2005)in the source area of the Yellow River, northeastern Tobet

托拜特东北部黄河源区多年冻土探测（2003-2005）

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Geographical Review of Japan 80
• 作者: Ikeda;A.;Sueyoshi;T.;Matsuoka N.;Ishii;T. and Uchida;Y.
• 通讯作者: Y.

Frost weathering and rockwall erosion in the eastern Swiss Alps : Long-term(1994-2006) observations

瑞士东部阿尔卑斯山的霜冻风化和岩壁侵蚀：长期（1994-2006）观测

• 期刊: Geomorphology (in press)
• 作者: Matsuoka;N.
• 通讯作者: N.

High resolution monitoring of ice-wedge crasking by multiple techniqiues

多种技术对冰楔破裂的高分辨率监测

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Matsuoka;N. and Christiansen;H. H.
• 通讯作者: H. H.

High-centered polygons in the Sor Rondane Mountains, East Antarctica : Possible effect ofice wedge sublimation

南极洲东部索龙丹山脉的高心多边形：冰楔升华的可能影响

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Polar Geoscience 19
• 作者: Matsuoka;N.;Hirakawa;K.
• 通讯作者: K.