Comparison of periglacial processes in permafrost and seasonal frost environments

多年冻土和季节性霜冻环境中冰缘过程的比较

• 批准号: 15500676
• 负责人: MATSUOKA Norikazu
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15500676/
• 关键词: Permafrost; Seasonal frost; Periglacial environment; Weathering; Mass movements; Field monitoring; Global warming

-Does the presence of permafrost reinforce geomorphic processes?-What does permafrost melting induce geomorphic processes?In an attempt to answer these questions, field monitoring on rock weathering and soil movements were undertaken on mountains in Japan, central Europe, Svalbard and Tibet. The monitoring sites consist of similar sedimentary geology while differ in ground thermal regimes. The monitoring sites underwent also investigations on ground internal structure, hydrology and snow conditions. These data were integrated to evaluate the effects of the presence and long-term evolution of permafrost on geomorphic changes, which led to the following conclusions.1.Monitoring of temperatures, moistures and ground movements (frost wedging, frost heave and solifluction) on rockwalls and debris slopes indicates seasonal variations in ground movements associated with ground thermal and moisture conditions.2.Investigations of rock mass discontinuity and soil structure indicate that the rate of rock fall on the rock mass strength depends also on joint spacing while that of solifluction on the near-surface thickness of fine soil.3.Sounding of internal structure by electric, seismic and thermal methods as well as direct drilling show the distribution and depth of permafrost at regional scales. In the European Alps and eastern Tibetan mountains, which are located at the marginal permafrost conditions, rapid degradation of permafrost and corresponding deepening active layer have recently progressed, causing either acceleration or deceleration of periglacial processes.4.Integrating the extant and new data on periglacial processes leads to numerical models of ground movements as a function of the temperature, moisture, ground materials and topography.

- 永久冻土的存在是否加强了地貌过程？-永久冻土融化引起什么地貌过程？为了回答这些问题，在日本、中欧、斯瓦尔巴特群岛和西藏的山区进行了岩石风化和土壤运动的实地监测。监测点的沉积地质相似，但在地面热状况不同。监测点还对地面内部结构、水文和积雪状况进行了调查。综合这些数据，评估了多年冻土的存在和长期演变对地貌变化的影响，得出以下结论：1.监测温度、湿度和地面运动（霜楔，（冻胀和土胀）在岩壁和碎石斜坡上的地震活动表明与地面热湿条件有关的地面运动的季节变化。2.岩体不连续性和土壤的调查结构表明，岩体强度与岩石崩塌速率有关，与节理间距有关，而冻土强度与近地表细土厚度有关。3.利用电、地震、热等方法以及直接钻探等方法对冻土内部结构进行了探测，揭示了区域尺度上冻土的分布和深度。在欧洲阿尔卑斯山和西藏东部山区，由于多年冻土条件的限制，多年冻土的快速退化和相应的活动层加深，导致冰缘过程的加速或减速。4.综合冰缘过程的现有和新的数据，建立了地面运动的数值模型，作为温度、湿度、地面材料和地形的函数。

项目成果

A preliminarily soundings of permafrost in the source area of the Yellow River, China, (in Japanese)

中国黄河源区多年冻土的初步探测（日语）

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Seppyo 66(2)
• 作者: Ikeda;A.;Sueyoshi;T.;Matsuoka;N.
• 通讯作者: N.

Permafrost sounding (2003-2004) in the source area of the Yellow River, China

中国黄河源区多年冻土探测（2003-2004）

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Annual Report of the Institute of Geoscience, the University of Tsukuba 30
• 作者: Matsuoka;N.;Ikeda;A.;Sueyoshi;T.;Ishii;T.
• 通讯作者: T.

Matsuoka, N., Sawaguchi, S., Yoshikawa, K.: "Present-day periglacial environments in central Spitsbergen, Svalbard"Geographical Review of Japan, English Edition. 77(印刷中). (2004)

Matsuoka, N.、Sawaguchi, S.、Yoshikawa, K.：“斯瓦尔巴群岛中部斯匹次卑尔根的现今冰缘环境”，《日本地理评论》，英文版 77（出版中）。

Temporal and spatial variations in periglacial soil movements on alpine crest slopes

• DOI: 10.1002/esp.1125
• 发表时间: 2005-01-01
• 期刊: EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Matsuoka, N

Morphometric analysis of solifluction lobes and rock glaciers in the Swiss Alps

• DOI: 10.1002/ppp.517
• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Permafrost and Periglacial Processes
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: N. Matsuoka;Atsushi Ikeda;Takeshi Date