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A cross-national research on MOT and innovation -An analysis of engineer competency in Japan, U.S., and Europe-

MOT与创新的跨国研究 -日本、美国和欧洲的工程师能力分析-

基本信息

批准号：
17330090
负责人：
KATO Midori
金额：
$ 4.61万
依托单位：
Tokyo Keizai University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17330090/
关键词：
MOT Human Development Knowledge Network Resource Network Leverage Competency Engineer Competency Coevolution

项目摘要

1. Over 30 engineers who have achieved significant results were surveyed. The methodology of this research included interviews, coding and classifying engineer development factors using the KJ method, and compiling a database, which allowed us to analyze the data quantitatively and to develop an exhaustive competency map. We also analyzed the interrelationships and time series of the development factors to deal with the complex and dynamic process of the growth of engineer capabilities.2. Our results showed that the development factors of Japanese engineers discussed in previous studies were formal and superficial, and that informal factors were effective. Although earlier studies proposed that organizations manage the career of Japanese engineers, our research suggests that Japanese firms significantly delegate responsibility to engineers who undertake challenge in view of risk.3. A comparison of the findings of our interviews and our questionnaire survey of general engineers showed a … More difference between the behavioral characteristic of successful and not-so-successful engineers.Implications of our findings are as follows :(1) The growth in engineer capabilities is affected by opportunities provided by superiors. However, the degree to which engineers succeed or fail depends significantly on their individual attitudes, which creates a virtuous/vicious circle of engineer opportunity and results.(2) The presence and quality of follow-up by engineers' superiors determines their success or failure rate. Further investigation and research should be done on superiors who foster capabilities and provide the appropriate "ba" for growth.(3) Successful engineers set long-term goals. They perceive a long R＆D process that goes beyond their own individual tasks. They bridge the "structural hole" in the R＆D process, flexibly combining formal and informal means emergently. They construct knowledge and resource networks suitable for new businesses.(4) The above findings were based on detailed fieldwork, and not a-priori hypotheses of previous studies. Less

1. 调查了30多名取得重大成果的工程师。本研究的方法包括访谈，使用KJ方法对工程师发展因素进行编码和分类，并编译数据库，这使我们能够定量分析数据并开发详尽的能力图。分析了发展因素的相互关系和时间序列，以应对工程师能力成长的复杂动态过程。我们的研究结果表明，以往研究中讨论的日本工程师的发展因素是正式的、肤浅的，非正式因素是有效的。虽然早期的研究提出组织管理日本工程师的职业生涯，但我们的研究表明，日本公司在很大程度上将责任委托给考虑到风险而承担挑战的工程师。我们对普通工程师的访谈结果和问卷调查结果的比较表明，成功工程师和不太成功工程师的行为特征之间存在更多差异。研究发现：(1)工程师能力的增长受到上级提供的机会的影响。然而，工程师成功或失败的程度在很大程度上取决于他们的个人态度，这就形成了工程师机会和结果的良性/恶性循环。(2)工程师上级跟踪的存在和质量决定了工程师的成功率或失败率。应该进一步调查和研究那些培养能力并为成长提供适当“ba”的上级。(3)成功的工程师会设定长期目标。他们认为这是一个长期的研发过程，超出了他们自己的个人任务。他们填补了研发过程中的“结构性漏洞”，将正式和非正式手段灵活地结合起来。他们构建适合新业务的知识和资源网络。(4)上述发现是基于详细的实地调查，而非以往研究的先验假设。少