Research and Development of Environment-harmonized Biomimetic Building

作为下一代节能建筑，被称为环境协调型仿生建筑，它模拟了人体和其他生物体的环境生理机制，以及人类对环境的智慧。模拟人体出汗、起鸡皮疙瘩、换衣服等生理功能和智慧，并将其应用于建筑环境共生和环境控制。本研究取得的主要结果如下，主要表现为生理功能。(1)“鸡皮疙瘩”：利用SMA装置实现随温度变化工作的建筑墙体材料的系统化。(2)“换衣功能”：1)非晶硅多层膜红外光学性能的控制。2)屋面和墙面自主变面的“换衣楼”的热效率…从实验和理论上都显示了更多的热学性质。(3)“植物的容器功能”：从实验上证实了膜的基本性能和引起渗透现象的溶质以及容器的功能，得到了膜、颗粒直径、渗透组件组成等方面的结果。(4)“出汗功能”：构建了一种具有强化阻燃性的出汗屋面，并对其热工性能和蒸发性能进行了实验评价。预测和评价了出汗屋面的热效率和最佳感温。(5)舒适感的形成：关注长波辐射和风速变化在室内舒适感中的作用，以及湿热环境下感觉与行为的关系，表明夏季冷辐射火用对室内舒适性的影响很大，热感觉的获得是非常重要的。较少

As an energy saving building in the next generation, the building called as an environment-harmonized biomimetic building, has been studied, which simulates the environment physiology mechanism-of human body and other organisms, and human wisdom for environment. The human physiology function and wisdom such as perspiration, gooseflesh and changing clothes etc. are simulated and applied to environment symbiosis and environment control in buildings. The main results of the study obtained are as follows, expressing as main physiological functions. (1) "Gooseflesh Function": The systematization of the building wall material that can operate depending on the temperature change by using SMA device was aimed at. (2) "Changing Clothes Function": 1) Control of optical performance in infrared region for vanadium dioxide films multilayered by amorphous silicon was shown. 2) The thermal effectiveness of the "Changing Clothes Building" whose roof and wall surfaces autonomously change their surface … More thermal properties was experimentally and theoretically shown. (3) "Vessel function of the plant": The basic performance of the membrane and the solute which causes osmotic phenomenon and the vessel function were experimentally confirmed, and the findings concerning the membrane, the particle diameter, and the composition of the infiltration module were obtained. (4) "Perspiration Function": A perspirable roof with strengthened nonflammability was constructed, and the thermal and evaporative performance was experimentally estimated. The thermal effectiveness and the optimum sense temperature of the perspirable roof were predicted and evaluated. (5) "Formation of the comfort sensation": Paying attention to the role of the long-wave radiation and the wind velocity change that plays in the indoor comfort sensation, and to the relation of sense-behavior under hot and humid environment, it was shown that the cool-radiant exergy has a big influence to the indoor comfort in summer and the acquisition of thermal sensation is important. Less