Sth/dual and trarisuiptionalchange ofrice genome inducedby transposon, mPing

螨类通过引起基因组重排和改变单个基因的结构和调节，在进化中发挥着重要作用。非自治元件mPING是第一个在水稻(Oryza atires L.)中发现的活性螨类。我们以前的研究表明，mPING在自然条件下活跃地在Gimbozu中转座，并优先插入到单复制区。自主Ping和Pong编码的转座酶上的mPING转座。水稻品种具有不同的PING和PANG基因拷贝数。在本研究中，我们通过对Gimbozu中Ping基因拷贝数的分析，发现了一个新的转座子，属于Tc1/Mariner超家族。Blastn搜索发现两个序列分别与日本芭蕾舞1号和12号染色体上的Pyong(&gt；90%)有很高的同源性。这表明最近平壤的位置发生了变化。此外，我们还利用来自日本晴、金波津和一个细长颖片突变体IM294的cDNA进行了转座子显示分析。结果共鉴定出11个mPING转录区域。其中，6个区域为转录区域，5个区域为非编码区。本研究使用的品种/品系在这些区域表现出mPING插入多态。MPING插入基因的转录水平从mPING插入位点的3‘端降低。这些结果表明，mPING的插入不仅改变了基因组结构，而且改变了相邻区域的表达。

MITEs play important roles in evolution by causing genome rearrangements and by altering the structure and regulation of individual genes. Non-autonomous element mPing is the first active MITE which is identified in rice (Oryza satires L.). Previous our researches showed that mPing is actively transposing in Gimbozu under natural conditions and preferentially inserted into single-copy regions. Transposition of mPing relay on transposases encoded by autonomous Ping and Pong. Rice cultivars have different copy number of Ping and Pong. In this study, we identified a novel transposon Pyong belong to Tc1/mariner super family through the analysis of copy number of Ping in Gimbozu. The blastn search identified two sequences sharing high homology with Pyong (>90%) on chromosome 1 and 12 of Nipponbare, respectively. This suggests the recent transposition of Pyong. Moreover, we carried out transposon display analysis using cDNA derived from Nipponbare, Gimbozu and a slender glume mutant IM294. As a result, 11 regions transcribed with mPing were identified. Among them, six and five regions were transcriptional and non-conding regions, respectively. Cultivars/strain used in this study showed mPing insertion polymorphism in these regions. Transcript level of mPing-inserted gene lowered at 3' region from mPing insertion site. These results indicate that mPing insertion alter not only genome structure but also the expression of adjacent regions.