Research for Antitumor Crude Drug from Malaysian Unutilized Plant Resorces

马来西亚位于东南亚，拥有世界上最古老和最丰富的植物群之一。马来西亚气候温暖，几乎均匀，适合热带雨林的生长。马来西亚森林是亚洲大陆（从东印度延伸到印度支那）和马来西亚植物群（延伸到整个马来群岛）之间的两大植物区系的主要迁徙路线，在这个意义上，它是相当独特的。从红果木中分离得到5个新的柠檬苦素类化合物，分别为墨西哥内酯型和A，B，D-开环七环骨架的红果木碱A-E，它们对P-388小鼠白血病细胞具有细胞毒活性。Cassiarins A和B是从豆科植物Cassia siamea（Legumatia）的叶子中分离得到的具有三环骨架和抗疟原虫活性的新型芳香族生物碱，广泛用于治疗周期性发热和疟疾。Huncaniterine A是从采自马来西亚甘榜巴塘的Hunteria zeylanica树皮中分离得到的一种新的双吲哚生物碱，其N-氧化物部分由corynantheine型和aspidosperma型骨架组成，对离体大鼠主动脉环具有中等的血管舒张活性。

Malaysia is situated in South East Asia, has one of the oldest and the richest flora in the world. Malaysia has a climate, which is constantly warm, and nearly uniform suitable for the growth of tropical rainforests. Malaysian forest is rather unique in the sense that it serves as a major migratory track for two great floras between the continental Asiatic(extending form Eastern India to Indochina) in the north and the Malaysian flora(extending to all the Malay Archipelago) in the south.Plants were collected from the Malayan flora and their extracts from plants belonging to Meliaceae, Leguminosae, and Apocynaceae were tested for bioactivity. From these studies, a number of cytotoxic and antiplasmodial compounds were isolated and characterized chemically.Five new limonoids, erythrocarpines A-E belonging to mexicanolide-type and A, B, D-seco heptacyclic skeletons were isolated from Chisocheton erythrocarpus, which showed cytotoxicity against P-388 murine leukemia cells. Cassiarins A and B, novel aromatic alkaloids with an unprecedented tricyclic skeleton and potent antiplasmodial activity have been isolated from the leaves of Cassia siamea(Leguminosae), which have been widely used for the treatment of periodic fever and malaria. Huncaniterine A, a new bisindole alkaloid with an N-oxide moiety consisting of corynantheine-type and aspidosperma-type skeletons, which exhibited a moderate vasorelaxant activity on isolated rat aorta ring, has been isolated from the bark of Hunteria zeylanica collected in Kampung Padang, Malaysia.