Research of Bioactive Alkaloids with Polycyclic Skeletons

石蒜生物碱和水蚤生物碱分别是从石蒜科的棒状苔藓和水蚤属的树木中提取的一个大家族的植物成分。这些结构多样的生物碱通常具有不寻常的骨架，其中许多生物碱从生物遗传学和生物学的角度继续引起人们的兴趣，并为全合成提供了具有挑战性的靶标。对石楠科石楠和石楠的提取物进行了研究，分离出新的生物碱：石楠碱B、石楠碱A和石楠碱。从花栗草和花栗草中分离得到的羊草碱类化合物具有较高的NGF生物合成活性。从水草中分别分离得到番茄碱和番茄维酸A。从L. hamiltonii中分离出抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶和nankakurine B的番茄红素A，并对nankakurine A的结构进行了修饰。这些新生物碱对神经营养因子的生物合成有一定的影响。水蚤生物碱是由水蚤属（水蚤科）树木合成的融合杂环天然产物。这些环系统作为全合成和生物合成研究的具有挑战性的目标引起了极大的兴趣。为了寻找结构独特且具有生物学意义的水蚤生物碱，从水蚤叶中分离出了两种新型融合五环生物碱，水蚤素C和D，由1-氮杂环[5.2.2]十一烷，六氢萘- 1- 1和环戊烷环组成，水蚤素a -D。水仙素C和D诱导人星形细胞瘤细胞分泌神经营养因子。从日本红豆杉东北红豆杉（Taxus cuspidata Sieb）种子中分离到两种新的类，taxezopidines M和N。调查。并根据光谱数据对其结构进行了分析。Taxezopidine M在较高浓度下降低了解聚过程。少

The Lycopodium and Daphniphyllum alkaloids represent a large family of plant constituents obtained from the club moss belonging to Lycopodiaceae and trees of the genus Daphniphyllum (Daphniphyllaceae), respectively. These structurally diverse alkaloids often possess unusual skeletons, and many of them continue to be of interest from biogenetic and biological points of view as well as providing challenging targets for total synthesis.Investigation on extracts of Lycopodium complanatum and L. obscurum (Lycopodiaceae) resulted in the isolation of new alkaloids, complanadine B, lycopladine A, and obscurumines. Lannotinidines isolated from L. annotinum and L. annotinum var. acrifolium showed elevated activity of NGF biosynthesis. Lycopodatines and lycovatine A were isolated from L. inundatum and L. clavatum var. Robustum, respectively. Lycoperine A which showed inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and nankakurine B were isolated from L. hamiltonii and structure of nankakurine A was revised. S … More ome of these new alkaloids showed some effects on neurotrophic factor biosynthesis.Daphniphyllum alkaloids are a family of fused-heterocyclic natural products elaborated by trees of the genus Daphniphyllum (Daphniphyllaceae). These ring systems have attracted great interest as challenging targets for total synthesis^3 as well as biosynthetic studies. In our search for structurally unique and biogenetically interesting Daphniphyllum alkaloids, two novel fused-pentacyclic alkaloids, daphmanidins C and D, consisting of an 1-azabicyclo[5.2.2]undecane, a hexahydronaphthalen-l-one, and a cyclopentane rings, and daphtenidines A-D were isolated from the leaves of Daphniphyllum teijismanni. Daphmanidins C and D induced secretion of neurotrophic factors from human astrocytoma cells.Two new taxoids, taxezopidines M and N, have been isolated from seeds of the Japanese yew Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. and the structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Taxezopidine M reduced the depolymerization process at higher concentration. Less