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A study of reproductive ecology of Lake Tanganyikan cichlid fishes as the model systems of cooperative breeding in vertebrates

坦噶尼喀湖慈鲷鱼类繁殖生态学研究作为脊椎动物合作繁殖的模型系统

基本信息

批准号：
17405010
负责人：
KOHDA Masanori
金额：
$ 9.27万
依托单位：
Osaka City University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In the last year, Drs. S. Awata, K Ota and S Morita conducted field observations. In this year, the cooperative breeding cichlid fish, Julidochromis ornatus is mainly studied. As the studies during the three years, it will be newly confirmed that (1) within a population this fish has most varieties of mating systems, e. g., monogamy, polygyny, classical polyandry, cooperartive polyandry, and polygynandry. This variety will be most in vertebrates, and has been reported from the acorn woodpecker. (2) These variations will be induced by the largest females that can dominate over males. Thus, these females physically control or manipulate males. Thus, not only the sperm competition and a variation of social mating systems, this fish will be good subject animals for the study of female control of paternity, deception, intra- and inter-sexual confficts, reciprocal altruism and mutualism, all being the interesting themes for future research in behavioral ecology. Thus, we are going to make ex … More perimental studied in laboratory using this species during the future 5-10 years.Another cooperative breeding cichlids Chalinochromis brichardi has been studied also in this year. This fish was studied for ca,. 10 years. The mating systems of this fish consist of monogamy, cooperative polyandry and polygynandry. This variation in mating system is smaller than that of J. ornatus partly because that female size was smaller than large alpha males. Thus socially most dominant individuals were males. Thus, dominant order resemble that of the bird dunnock, in which most dominant individuals are alpha males and the cichlid breeding systems also resemble that of the dunnock where cooperative polyandry, monogamy, polygynandry are predominant. Thus, it will be shown that in cichlid fishes of cooperative breeding degree of variations in mating systems are different between species.In Telmatochrmis vittatus, it has been observed that this study population consisted of multiple male reproductively parasitic male-mating tactics: sneaking tactics, satellite-male tactics and pirate male tactics. We hypothesized that sneaker males can evolve to beta males, if they become to conduct paternal care after fertilization, and pirate males can be alpha males, if they target monogamous breeding pair (where pair males to be beta males with parental care). DNA phylogeny analyses may suggest that the genera Telmatochromis, Julidochromis and Chalinochromis will be closely related (but some reports do not support this). If this will be the case, we may say that the alternative male reproductive tactics will have the same root in their origin species. Additionally speaking, the alternative male reproductive tactics in species of these three genera are not genetically determined but changeable according to their growth. Less

去年，博士。 S. Awata、K Ota 和 S Morita 进行了实地观察。今年主要研究慈鲷鱼Julidochromis ornatus的合作养殖。经过三年的研究，新证实：（1）该鱼在一个种群内具有最多种类的交配系统，例如：例如，一夫一妻制、一夫多妻制、古典一妻多夫制、合作一妻多夫制和一夫多妻制。这种变异在脊椎动物中最为常见，据报道来自橡子啄木鸟。 (2) 这些变异将由能够支配雄性的最大雌性引起。因此，这些雌性在身体上控制或操纵雄性。因此，不仅是精子竞争和社会交配系统的变化，这种鱼将成为研究雌性对亲子关系的控制、欺骗、性内和性间冲突、互惠利他和互利共生的良好实验对象，所有这些都是行为生态学未来研究的有趣主题。因此，我们计划在未来5-10年内利用该物种在实验室进行实验研究。今年还研究了另一种合作繁育慈鲷Chalinochromis brichardi。研究了这条鱼的大约。 10年。这种鱼的交配制度包括一夫一妻制、合作性一妻多夫制和一夫多妻制。这种交配系统的变异比 J. ornatus 小，部分原因是雌性体型小于大型雄性。因此，社会上最具统治力的个体是男性。因此，主导秩序类似于邓诺克鸟类，其中大多数主导个体是雄性领袖，丽鱼科鱼的繁殖系统也类似于邓诺克鸟类，其中合作性一妻多夫制、一夫一妻制、一夫多妻制占主导地位。由此可见，在合作育种的丽鱼科鱼类中，物种之间交配系统的变异程度是不同的。在Telmatochrmis vittatus中，观察到该研究种群由多种雄性生殖寄生雄性交配策略组成：潜行策略、卫星雄性策略和海盗雄性策略。我们假设，如果运动鞋雄性在受精后能够进行父亲照顾，它们就可以进化为β雄性；如果海盗雄性以一夫一妻制的繁殖配对为目标（其中雄性在父母照顾下配对成为β雄性），那么它们可以进化为α雄性。 DNA系统发育分析可能表明Telmatochromis属、Julidochromis属和Chalinochromis属密切相关（但一些报告不支持这一点）。如果情况确实如此，我们可以说，替代的雄性生殖策略将在其起源物种中具有相同的根源。另外，这三个属的物种的替代雄性繁殖策略不是由基因决定的，而是根据其生长而变化。较少的