Bio-diversity of fish communities in Lake Tanganyika

在项目期间，已按计划对坦噶尼喀湖鱼类群落进行了实地研究。对常设样方进行的鱼类普查进一步证明，不仅在研究期间，而且在以前的研究中，鱼类区系、鱼类种类甚至每一物种的数量都非常相似。在岩质海岸进行的多次野外实验表明，对当地鱼类的人为干扰对动物种群的影响较小。在浅海砂质海底建造的人工岩质基地有多只不受岩石栖息地限制的柔鱼栖息，这表明长沙滩涂对岩栖鱼类的分布具有地理屏障作用，该湖中的柔鱼在体型上具有侧向性，推测同一摄食群鱼类的侧向性频率随5年周期波动。这一项目的结果似乎支持了这一假说，所获得的数据将表明捕食者-猎物关系将导致波动。也就是说，少数优势在这种现象中发挥作用：较小形态的鱼种受到的捕食压力比大多数形态的鱼类要小。对一些滨海鱼类进行了生殖生态研究，包括慈鱼和叉尾鱼。已有研究表明，在鲶鱼中进行双腹式照顾，在一夫一妻制的底物中进行一夫多妻制，作为一种替代的雄性交配策略，都是可行的。

During the project period, field research on fish communities in Lake Tanganyika has been conducted as was planned. The fish census on the permanent quadrat gave further evidence on the stability where fish fauna, fish species and even the number of each species were quite similar not only during the study period but also the previous studies. Several field experiments conducted in rocky shores indicated that artificial disturbance on local fish had weak effect on the fauna. Artificial rocky bases made in shallow sandy bottom were colonized by several cichlids that were not restricted in rocky habitat, suggesting that long sandy beaches can operate geographical barriers on the distribution of rock dwelling fishes.Cichlids in this lake have laterality in body morph, and it is hypothesized that the frequency of laterality in fish of the same feeding groups fluctuates with 5-year cycle. The results of this project seemed to support the hypothesis, and the obtained data will indicate that prey-predator relationship will result in the fluctuation. Namely, minority advantage operate in this phenomenon : minor morph of a fish species receive less predation pressure than fish of majority morph.Reproductive ecologies on some littoral fishes have been conducted, including cichlids and catfishes. Biparetal care in catfishes, coorepative polyandry in a cichlid, piracy mating in monogamous substrater as analternative male mating tactic, have been revealed.