Investigation on Kampo Drug Resources in Asia and Analysis on Diversity ofMedicinal Plants

1. 遗传与化学多样性(1)掌大黄、唐古古黄和铁皮黄在matK基因上分别存在22、4和3个基因型，且均具有区域特异性。对28个化合物的质量评价表明，掌掌草属I亚枝质量较好。(2)利用人参植物的遗传数据，开发了用于人参药物鉴定的DNA芯片。LC-FTICR-MS对人参皂苷进行了质谱分析。(3)基于15个感刺棘球绦虫trnK基因共有序列，建立了PCR-RFLP鉴定方法。(4)在黄芪总苷和异黄酮含量方面，内蒙古栽培黄芪的质量与山西野生黄芪相当。化学成分综合分析和多变量数据分析表明，蒙、中黄芪差异较大。(5)蒙古8种麻黄在18S rRNA-trnK基因序列上存在14个基因型。在蒙古西南部，观察到可能的杂交种衍生种群。6种麻黄碱含量超过1.5%。(6)“加竹”中有7种挥发性成分。产自黄姜黄和产自日本莪术属同一类型。泰国姜黄根状茎中挥发性成分的组成有9种类型，且与基因型有关。(1)对A8（25-35）处理的大鼠皮层神经元轴突和树突再生及突触重建有显著影响。刺五加苷B为其中一种有效成分。(2)通过对姜黄根茎的化学化学分析，确定呋喃二烯酮和姜黄酚是抑制COX-2活性的活性化合物。(3)在对丙型肝炎病毒聚合酶有抑制作用的雷公藤根皮中，鉴定出去甲基化泽拉西酯为活性化合物。少

1. Genetic and chemical diversity(1) Rheum palmatum, R. tanguticum and R. officinale presented 22, 4 and 3 genotypes in matK gene, respectively and each showed regional specificity. Quality evaluation on 28 compounds revealed R. palmatum belonged to subclade I was of high quality.(2) DNA microarray for authentication of ginseng drugs has been developed using genetic data of Panax plants. Analysis of ginsenosides by LC-FTICR-MS provided different mass chromatographic profiles for each species.(3) Based on common sequences of 15 genotypes of Eleutherococcus senticosus in trnK gene, an identification method applying PCR-RFLP was developed. Production areas of rhizomes containing over 0.05% of each eleutherosides B and E were determined(4) Regards to astragalosides and isoflavonoids contents, Astragali Radix cultivated in Inner Mongolia were with high quality as wild ones in Shanxi Prov. Comprehensive analysis of chemical constituents and multivariate data analysis showed the difference be … More tween Mongolian and Chinese Astragali Radix.(5) 8 Ephedra species from Mongolia presented 14 genotypes in 18S rRNA-trnK gene sequences. In southwestern Mongolia, possible hybrids-derived populations were observed. 6 species contained more than 1.5% of ephedrine alkaloids.(6) 7 types of volatile constituents' compositions were observed in "Gajutsu." Gajutsu derived from Curcuma phaeocaulis and from Japanese C. zedoaria belonged to the same type. Curcuma rhizomes from Thailand presented 9 types of volatile constituents' compositions, which related to genotypes.2. Pharmacological active compounds(1) Eleutherococcus Senticosus Rhizome showed significant effects on axonal and dendritic regenerations and synaptic reconstruction in A8(25-35)-treated rat cortical neurons. Eleutheroside B was identified as one of active components.(2) Through chemomatric analysis on Curcuma phaemcanlis rhizome, furanodienone and curcumenol were determined as active compounds responsible for COX-2 inhibitory activity.(3) In root bark of Tripterygium hypoglaucum which showed inhibitory effect on hepatitis C viral polymerase, demethylzeylasteral was identified as an active compound. Less