HISTORICALSTUDY OF THE DIFFUSION OFFRENCH IN SENEGAL

塞内加尔法语传播的历史研究

• 批准号: 17510209
• 负责人: SUNANO Yukitoshi
• 金额: $ 1.86万
• 依托单位: Prefectural University of Kumamoto
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17510209/
• 关键词: French; Senegal; Official language; French colonialism; Assimilation policy; Dominant language; Francophonie; Postcolonial state; フランス語教育史; 植民地教育史; 植民地エリート; 言語政策; アラビア語; イスラーム

This study intended to investigate why the diffusion of French, the only official language of the country, is very limited in Senegal even today by studying the history of the French colonial policy and of its educational policy, and by interviewing Senegalese individuals of various generations and social classes.The results obtained through this project are summarized as follows:1. In the colonial period, the French administration had no intention of diffusing French to the whole colony despite its famous "assimilationist" colonial policy. Even in the, "four communes" where the French citizenship was, granted to all the population, French was understood only by a small fraction of the population.2. After, independence, in 1960 also, the diffusion of French was not considered by the new government leaders as a crucial necessity for the nation building. Consequently, the education in French did not spread as it was expected, and after the 1970's, it stagnated visibly. And even for those who went to French schools, in many cases, the knowledge of French remained very limited.This study demonstrated the fact that, neither the French "assimilationist" colonial policy nor the "pro-France" policy of the independent government did not succeed in diffusing French in Senegal, and that, they rather divided the population by the language barrier into two groups : French speaking elite and the rest of the population.

本研究旨在通过研究法国殖民政策和教育政策的历史，并通过对塞内加尔各代人和各社会阶层的访谈，调查塞内加尔唯一的官方语言法语在塞内加尔的传播为何至今仍十分有限。在殖民地时期，法国政府虽然推行了著名的“同化主义”殖民政策，但并没有将法语传播到整个殖民地的意图。即使在“四个公社”中，法国公民身份被授予所有人口，法语也只有一小部分人懂。1960年独立后，新政府领导人也没有把法语的传播视为国家建设的关键。因此，法语教育并没有像预期的那样普及，20世纪70年代以后，法语教育明显停滞。即使是那些上过法语学校的人，在许多情况下，法语知识仍然非常有限。这项研究表明，无论是法国的“同化”殖民政策还是独立政府的“亲法”政策，都没有成功地在塞内加尔传播法语，而是将人口分为两个群体：讲法语的精英和其他人。

项目成果

《Wolofisation et multilinguisme au Senegal-Etude sur letat deslangues nationales dans 7 villes senegalaises》

《塞内加尔的沃洛语化和多语言化-塞内加尔七城国家语言练习》

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: SUNANO;Yukitoshi;Sunano Yukitoshi
• 通讯作者: Sunano Yukitoshi

Language and Society in Senegal

塞内加尔的语言和社会

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: SUNANO;Yukitoshi
• 通讯作者: Yukitoshi

Postcolonial State and Language -Language and Society in Senegal, a Francophone State

后殖民国家与语言——法语国家塞内加尔的语言与社会

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Sangensha
• 作者: SUNANO;Yukitoshi
• 通讯作者: Yukitoshi

セネガルにおけるアラビア語文学-イスラームと文学の言語

塞内加尔的阿拉伯文学 - 伊斯兰语言和文学

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 『国際シンポジウム交差するアジア、北アフリカ 文化、科学技術研究 報告論文集』、筑波大学北アフリカ研究センター
• 作者: SUNANO;Yukitoshi;砂野 幸稔;砂野 幸稔
• 通讯作者: 砂野 幸稔

「セネガルの社会と言語」

《塞内加尔社会和语言》

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: SUNANO;Yukitoshi;砂野 幸稔
• 通讯作者: 砂野 幸稔