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Historical Anthropological Research on Korean Familliies: the cases of slave families during the Chosun dynasty period

韩国家庭的历史人类学研究：以朝鲜王朝时期奴隶家庭为例

基本信息

批准号：
17520552
负责人：
SHIMA Mutsuhiko
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17520552/
关键词：
cultural anthropology Korea family Chosun dynasty period slaves 奴碑

项目摘要

The aim of the present project is to include the people of the lowest social strata, the slaves, in the historical research of Korean family structure during the Chosun Dynasty period, which in turn will shed new lights on the household organizations of the higher strata, or the owners of the slaves. The data analyzed in this project are household registers from Taegu area between 1690 and 1753.The following is the summary of new findings of this project.1. The high frequency of intermarriage between the lower strata of the commoners and the slaves indicate that, although legally differentiated, they do not seem to have been clearly segregated from each other in their social relationships.2. Still, the households of slaves who lived outside of the households of their owners were clearly much less stable than their commoner counterparts in terms of residence in the same locality as well as in household reproduction over generations.3. The sex-ratios of the registered slaves are obviousl … More y unbalanced for any of the years when household registers were prepared, indicating that male slaves tended to be missing from the records. However, focusing on the names of their parents, which are also recorded, slaves, both living within and outside of the households oftheir masters, contracted reasonably stable marital relationships.4. While the period under investigation corresponds to one during which household organization of the commoners began to show emphasis towards patrilineal composition, kinship ties among the slaves, particularly among those living within the households of their masters, show strong matrilineal bias, reflecting the new law that dictated that the legal status of children should follow that of the mothers.5. The enduring relationships spanning over more than five generations that emerge between the masters and some of the slaves, as well as the treatment of slaves who return in their old age after long periods of escape, and also cases of slave parents fleeing while leaving their infant children in their masters' households, seem to indicate that master-slave relationships may not have been one of simple dominance and subjection but also had a tint of mutual dependence that may approach one of moral economy, a point that needs further explorations. Less

本项目的目的是将社会最底层的人——奴隶纳入朝鲜王朝时期韩国家庭结构的历史研究中，从而为更高层的家庭组织或奴隶的所有者提供新的认识。本项目分析的数据是1690年至1753年间大邱地区的户籍。以下是本项目的新发现摘要。 1．下层平民与奴隶之间通婚的频繁程度表明，虽然在法律上有区别，但他们在社会关系上似乎并没有明显的隔离。2．然而，居住在主人家庭之外的奴隶家庭在同一地点的居住以及家庭世代相传方面显然远不如平民家庭稳定。3。在户口登记的任何年份中，登记奴隶的性别比例都明显不平衡，这表明男性奴隶往往会在记录中缺失。然而，从父母的名字来看，奴隶无论在主人的家庭内部还是外部，都建立了相当稳定的婚姻关系。 4．虽然调查时期对应的是平民的家庭组织开始表现出对父系构成的重视，但奴隶之间的亲属关系，特别是生活在主人家庭中的奴隶之间的亲属关系，表现出强烈的母系偏见，这反映了新法律规定子女的法律地位应遵循母亲的法律地位5。主人与部分奴隶之间跨越五代以上的持久关系，以及长期逃亡后年老归来的奴隶的待遇，以及奴隶父母将幼儿留在主人家中逃亡的案例，似乎表明主奴关系可能并非简单的统治与服从，而是带有一种接近道德经济的相互依存的色彩，这一点这需要进一步的探索。较少的