Korean Local Society over Five Hundred Years : Social Tradition in a Long Time Perspective

该项目从16世纪开始，以100多年的时间跨度考察韩国一个地方社会的社会传统发展，是一个跨学科项目。项目参与者包括人类学家、历史学家、地理学家和教育历史专家。焦点问题是，朝鲜王朝后半期社会传统是如何形成的，以及它对殖民时期及以后社会发展的影响。该研究是在大邱西部月部地区进行的。该地区位于冲积扇上。地理学家李澈宇（音）考察了该地区的自然地理条件，并指出，从17世纪到20世纪70年代，村庄的位置基本保持不变，这是由水的可用性决定的。他还追溯了20世纪80年代以来，随着城市化进程的加快，工业条件的变化和新住宅区的发展。经济历史学家宫岛浩研究了1721年的土地登记，并分析了土地持有的模式以及它们在过去一个世纪中的变化。他的论述触及了朝鲜时代社会阶层发展的一个争议点。Shima Mutsuhiko通过对朝鲜时期的户籍和书面家谱的分析，以及对当代居民的实地调查，追踪了该地区社会构成的长期变化和连续性。他着重研究了三个层次的社会组织，即村庄、父系亲属群体和家庭。分析结果显示，在朝鲜时期，宗族和家庭的更替速度出乎意料地快，这凸显了少数成功保留下来并构成当地社会结构核心的宗族的重要性。古川纪子在殖民时期建立的一所私立学校进行研究。她结合档案研究和对参与学校的人及其后代的采访，检索了学校的发展历程，并分析了私立学校与殖民政府政策的关系。月部区于1980年被编入大邱市。市政府设计并实施的城市发展计划给这个地区带来了巨大的变化。在几乎相同的地点存在了至少400多年的小村庄已经消失，而长期存在的亲属群体的大多数成员要么流离失所，要么离开了该地区。我们在这里看到了一个以父系亲属为导向的小农生产模式为基础的时代的象征性终结，这个时代始于16世纪末日本入侵之后。少

The project has been an interdisciplinary one to examine the development of social tradition in one local society in Korea with a time perspective of give hundred years starting in the sixteenth century. Project participants included anthropologists, historians, a geographer and a specialist in pedagogical history. The focal question has been how the social tradition was formed during the latter half of the Choson dynasty, ahd its influence on the social development during and after the colonial period. The research has been conducted in Wolbe district in the western part of the city of Taegu.The district is located on an alluvial fan. Geographer Lee Ch'eol-woo examined the natural geographic conditions of the district and points out that the locations of hamlets, which remained basically the same since the seventeenth century up the 1970's, are determined by availability of water. He also traces the changing industrial conditions and development of new residential areas that came with … More urbanization since 1980's.Economic historian Miyajima Hiroshi examined the land registers of 1721, and analyzed the patterns of land holdings and how they had changed over the proceeding century. His argument touches upon one of the controversial points over the developments of social classes during the Choson period.Shima Mutsuhiko traced the long-term changes and continuities of the social composition of the district by combining analyzes of Choson-period household registers and written genealogies with fieldwork among the contemporary residents. He focused on three levels of social organizations, i.e.hamlets, patrilineal kin groups, and households. The analyzes reveal unexpectedly rapidrate of turnover in terms of kin groups and households during the Choson period, underlining the significance of those few kin groups that succeeded in remaining and composing the core of the local social structure.Furukawa Noriko took up for her research a private school that was founded during the colonial period. She combined archival research and interviews with those who were involved in the school and their descendants to retrieve the course of development of the school and analyzed the relationship of private schools with the policies of the colonial government.Wolbe district was incorporated in the City of Taegu in 1980. The urban development program that the city government designed and implemented brought about a drastic change in the district. The hamlets that existed in almost the same locations at least for more than four hundred years have disappeared while most members of the long-standing kin groups have either been dislocated or have left the district. We see here the symbolic end of one era based on small-holder mode of production with patrilineal kinship orientation that started in the aftermath of Japanese invasion during the end of the sixteenth century. Less