Research on role of the kiwari-systems in Japanese historical architecture

本报告介绍了世纪（室町时代末期）至世纪（江户时代末期）的建筑设计体系（kiwari体系）手册的作用，分析了单跨神社的kiwari体系和禅宗寺庙的佛堂，并在历史建筑中比较了各种设计方法和过渡过程。在单跨神社中，虽然室町时代存在各种设计方法，但江户时代中期之后，基于太鲁阁系统的设计方法开始被用作通用方法。在禅寺的佛殿中，室町时代就有以太鲁阁为基础的设计方法和以爱田为基础的设计方法，江户时代初期，两者都变成了有序排列的木浓野的方法。这些历史记录被作为木匠大师的岩木继承了下来。在本报告中，IWAKIS的kiwari系统与IWAKIS建造的建筑物进行了比较，并检查了两者的关系。在岩纪社的史料中，除了富山地区的主体建筑图纸外，还收录了大量的京都和东京的建筑图纸，对研究日本建筑的近代化进程具有重要意义。

This report presents the role of manuals of architectural design systems (the kiwari-systems) that were written during the 16th century (the last stage of the Muromachi period) to the 19th century (the last stage of the Edo period).Kiwari-system of one-span shrines and the Buddha hall of a Zen Temple was analyzed, and each design method and the transition process were compared in the historical architecture. In the one-span shrines, though various design methods existed in the Muromachi period, the design methods based on the Taruki-systems came to be used as the general methods after the middle stage of the Edo period. In the Buddha hall of a Zen Temple, the design methods based on the Taruki-system and the design methods based on the AIDA existed at the Muromachi period, and both had changed into the method of arranging Kuminono in an orderly manner in the early stage of the Edo period.Namerikawa-City Museum owns enormous historical records on the architecture. Those historical records were inherited by the IWAKIS who were master of carpenter. In this report, the kiwari-systems of the IWAKIS was compared with the buildings built by the IWAKIS and the relation of both was examined. A lot of drawings of the building that had been constructed in Kyoto and Tokyo besides the drawing of the main building that had been constructed in the Toyama area are included in the historical records of IWAKIS, so they are important to study the process of the modernization of Japanese architecture.