Taxonomic study of the genus Fistularia(Lichen, Ramalinaceae)

Fisturaliella属(Fisturaliella)是罗望科的一种果状地衣。它是由Rundel和Bowler(1977)提出的，通过枝条上的洞将其从Ramalina属中分离出来。然而，Fisturaliella属的分类独立性一直不清楚。在本研究中，对世界上已知的约70种该属植物进行了形态和化学上的修正。形态特征，如分枝习性(菌体生长于狭长柄或延长柄)，有无气孔，子囊孢子的大小和形状，底物的选择(栅状或皮质状)，皮质以下软骨组织的特征，假胞的形状和大小，无性繁殖体的存在或不存在，突起和突起的形态特征，以及次生产物的特征，都有助于Fisturaliella和Ramalina的物种鉴定。但这些特征在两个属的物种中都观察到了，它们不被认为是有用的特征，将它们识别为不同的属。化学物质(次生地衣物质)与Fisturaliella和Ramalina相似，主要为地塞酮类和二苯并呋喃类。分子数据也不支持Fisturaliella属与Ramalina属的独立性。因此，Bowler和Rundel(1977)在Fisturaliella属下处理的物种应归入Ramalina。目前，世界上已知有35种树枝上有孔洞。

The genus Fisturaliella is a fruticose lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. It was proposed by Rundel and Bowler(1977) being separated from the genus Ramalina by the presence of holes on branches. However, taxonomic independence of the genus Fisturaliella has been unclear. In the present study, about 70 species of the genus so far known from the world were revised morphologically and chemically. Molecular data were also used for detecting its taxonomic suitability.Morphological characters such as habit of branching(thallus growing from a narrow holdfast or extended holdfast), presence or absence of pores, size and shape of ascospores, selection of substrata(saxicolous or corticolous), character of chondroid tissue below cortex, shape and size of pseudocyphellae, presence or absence of asexual propagules, morphological characters of soredia and isidia and characters of secondary products are useful for detecting species both in Fisturaliella and Ramalina. But these characters were observed in species of both genera and they were not considered to be useful characters recognizing them as distinct genera. Chemical substance(secondary lichen substance), mostly depsides, depsidones and dibenzofrans, were detected in common with Fisturaliella and Ramalina. Molecular data also did not support independency of the genus Fisturaliella from the genus Ramalina. Therefore, species treated under the genus Fisturaliella by Bowler and Rundel(1977) should be placed under Ramalina. At present 35 species with holes on branches has been known from the world.