A Developmental Psychological Research on Ethics Formation Processes among Civil Engineers

本研究以土木工程师参与土木工程的过程为研究对象，以个人与他人的关系和参与日常活动两个概念为核心，进行了两项研究，并制作了土木工程师伦理学教材。(1)网络分析一项名为“使用网络理论分析土木工程师的社会”的研究是一项调查，重点关注与他人关系的个人。本研究借由网路分析法，分析土木工程师社会间的网路。因此，土木工程师的行为受到其所在群体在土木工程师社会中的社会地位的影响。土木工程师是土木工程师社会中地位较高的群体，他们渴望遵守土木工程师伦理。(2)另一项名为“用民族志分析工程师的决策过程”的研究是一项实地研究，重点是参与日常活动。我们的研究助理作为土木工程师的实习生参加了真实的隧道施工现场约三周。在这项研究中，土木工程师之间的决策过程中聚集在隧道施工的目的，进行了分析。因此，他们共享相互依赖的自我，这是东亚流行的社会表征。一个人表达自己取决于与他人的关系。目标土木工程师不会表达他们的疑问或问题，虽然他们知道这些。(3)土木工程师伦理学教材在这两项研究的基础上，我们提出了土木工程师伦理学的新教育方法，并为日本土木工程师和外国土木工程师制作了教材。

This study focused civil engineers' participation processes in civil projects with two key concepts : individuals with relationship to others and participation in everyday activities.We performed two researches and made educational materials for Civil Engineers' Ethics.(1) Network AnalysisOne research titled An Analysis of Civil Engineer's Society Using the Theory of Network is a survey with focus on individuals with relationship to others. In this research, Network Analysis was borrowed and networks among civil engineers' society were analyzed. As a result, civil engineers' behaviors were influenced from the social position of their own group in civil engineers' society. Civil engineers belonging to higher ranked groups in civil engineers' society are eager to obey Civil Engineers' Ethics.(2) EthnographyThe other research titled Analysis of Decision Making Process of Engineers by using Ethnography is a fieldwork study with focus on participation in everyday activities. Our research assistant participated in the real tunnel construction field as a trainee of civil engineer for about three weeks. In this study, decision making processes among civil engineers who were gathered on the purpose of a tunnel construction, were analyzed. As a result, they shared the Inter-dependent Self that is a social representation spread among East Asia. An individual express himself depending on relationship with others. The target civil engineers would not express their doubts or questions, though they were aware of them.(3) Educational materials for Civil Engineers' EthicsWe proposed the new educational method for Civil Engineers' Ethics and made educational materials for Japanese civil engineers and foreign civil engineers based on the two researches.