Development of activities on anatomy of fish and shellfish used for foods : considering their life and our eating

解剖实验活动不仅对了解动物的内部结构很重要，而且对小学教育中尊重生命的态度的形成也很重要。为推动中小学科学教育中解剖学实验活动的开展，本文提出了一门生命科学与国内科学相结合的交叉课程——“解剖学与制作实践”实验教学。实验室的动物是美味的鱼类和贝类，如鱼（虹鳟鱼），虾（小龙虾）和蛤（中国Mactra）。这个节目有两个小时；第一个小时是解剖，第二个小时是烹饪。实践是在中学翼三种材料进行的。学生们积极参与到这个项目中来，使用虹鳟鱼的实践得到了学生们的好评。使用虹鳟鱼的练习也为小学生（六年级）做过，以检查ap…更适合这个项目的年龄。与中学生相比，小学生对解剖实践的反应较好，说明解剖实践的体验在小学阶段应该是有效的。对小学教师来说，了解解剖研究的意义是非常重要的。因此，这个项目是在教师培训课程中完成的。参加活动的教师在自身的内容知识和对解剖学的理解上都有所收获。虹鳟鱼是这个项目的好材料，然而，让它们留在学校并不容易。因此，我们制定并尝试了以下方案：1)在孩子们喜欢“手工捕鱼（一般是虹鳟鱼）”的户外活动场所进行；2)培育长生食用虹鳟鱼并进行解剖研究；3)寻找虹鳟鱼的替代品，如罗盘鱼。我们建议解剖和烹饪方法应根据当地的不同而改变材料。少

Laboratory activity on anatomy is important not only for understanding the internal structure of animals but also for the attitude formation to respect for life in the elementary school education. To advance the laboratory activity on anatomy in the elementary and secondary school science education, in the present study, we propose a laboratory teaching named "anatomy and making practices" which is a cross curriculum combined with life science and domestic science. The animals for the laboratory are good taste fish and shellfishes such as fish (rainbow trout), shrimp (crayfish), and clam (Chinese Mactra). This program was composed of two hours; the first hour is anatomy and the second, cooking. Practices were done in a secondary school wing three kinds of materials. Students actively joined this program and the practice using rainbow trout was well received to the students. The practice using rainbow trout was also done for the elementary school students (sixth grade) to examine the ap … More propriate age for this program. The elementary school students made good responses to the practice compared with secondary school students, indicating that experience of the anatomical practice should be effective in elementary school. It is important for elementary school teacher to know the significance of the anatomical study. Thus, this program was done at a teacher training course. The attended teachers made gains in their own content knowledge and understanding in anatomy. Rainbow trout is a good material for this program, however, it is not easy to keep them in school. Therefore, we worked out and tried the following plans: 1) conducting this program at a facility for outdoor activity where "catch fish (generally, rainbow trout) by hands" is popular to children; 2) developing a long-life rainbow trout preserved for food and anatomical study; 3) finding a substitute for rainbow trout, such as loath We suggest that the anatomy and cooking practices should be done by changing materials according to the locality. Less