Interfacial control of various mode-switching for autonomous systems

作为一种简单的自主电机，研究了各种酯船在水中的自运动。随着乙酸酯（乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯和乙酸戊酯）中碳原子数量的增加，流速和运动时间随时间的变化而减小。基于牛顿运动方程的计算机模拟定性再现了这些自运动特征，该方程包括醋酸酯浓度和蒸发焓对表面张力的影响的实验结果。我们相信，目前关于自运动的系统可能是一个有用的工具，可以更好地理解与物理和生物学有关的化学表面张力。在由两条矩形路线组成的双矩形场上研究了光敏Belousov-Zhabotinsky （BZ）反应，用计算机软件绘制了该反应，然后用液晶投影仪将其投影在浸有BZ溶液的滤纸上。当在矩形路径上产生两种化学波作为初始条件时，根据两种化学波的初始相位差和矩形路径的纵横比，理论上可以将两种化学波的碰撞性质分为四类。实验结果与理论预测的特点相吻合。这些结果表明，光敏BZ反应可能有助于研究依赖于可激发场几何形状的时空发展。使用不同的化学传感系统，我们表明，通过观察时间相关的非线性响应，可以提高传感器相对于目标样品的选择性。我们讨论了两种情况下的非线性扰动和相关响应：1。将温度的周期性变化应用于SnO2半导体气体传感器。通过快速傅立叶变换对传感器响应进行分析，高次谐波是分子识别的丰富信息来源。2. 在连接电极系统或半导体气体传感器的维恩桥电路中测量同步，并与外部正弦操作力耦合。在这种情况下，传感是基于返回地图的形状。豆浆皮作为一种简单的人工膜，其表面结构对化学刺激具有明显的敏感性。利用原子力显微镜对膜的表面结构进行了成像，并分析了膜上凹坑的形状和大小，以表征化学反应。讨论了豆浆表皮的这种特征图案形成与大豆蛋白分子在空气/水界面周围的表面聚集、电子电荷和溶解度的关系。我们相信，研究这种在非平衡条件下制备的人工膜可能会导致一种新的人工膜的产生，这种人工膜可以适应化学环境，并且时空信息，如图案形成，可能能够为化学传感系统提供多维信息。少

As a simple autonomous motor, the self-motion of various ester boats was investigated on water. The time-variation of velocity and the duration of the motion decreased with an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the esters of acetic acid (propyl acetate, butyl acetate, and pentyl acetate). These characteristics of self-motion were qualitatively reproduced by a computer simulation based on the Newtonian motion equation that included the experimental results of surface tension depending on the concentration of ester of acetic acid and the enthalpy of evaporation. We believe that the present system regarding self-motion may be a ueful tool for better understanding surface tension in chemistry in relation to physics and biology.The photosensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction was investigated on a double rectangular field composed of two rectangular routes, which was drawn using computer software and then projected on a filter paper soaked with BZ solution using a liquid-crystal … More projector. When two chemical waves were generated on the rectangular routes as the initial condition, the nature of the collision of the waves could be theoretically classified into four categories depending on the initial phase difference between the two waves and the aspect ratio of the rectangular routes. The experimental results were consistent with the features of the theoretical prediction. These results suggest that the photosensitive BZ reaction maybe useful for studying spatiotemporal development that depends on the geometry of the excitable fields.Using different chemical-sensing systems, we show that by observation of time-dependent nonlinear responses one can improve the sensor selectivity with respect to target samples. We discuss the nonlinear perturbation and the related response in two cases: 1. A periodic change in temperature was applied to a SnO2 semiconductor gas sensor. The resulting sensor response was analyzed by fast Fourier transformation and the higher harmonics are a source of abundant intimation for molecular recognition. 2. The measurements of synchronization in a Wien bridge circuit connected the electrode system or the semiconductor gas sensor coupled with an external sinusoidal operational force. In this case, sensing is based on the shape of return maps.The surface structure of a soy milk skin, as a simple artificial film, was found to be characteristically sensitive to chemical stimuli. The surface structure of the film was imaged by AFM and the shape and size of concavities on the film were analyzed to characterize the chemical response. This characteristic pattern formation of the soy milk skin is discussed in relation to the surface aggregation, electronic charge, and solubility of soy protein molecules around the air/water interface. We believe that the investigation of such an artificial film prepared under nonequilibrium conditions could lead to the creation of a novel artificial film that can adapt to the chemical environment and that spatio-temporal information, such as in pattern formation, may be able to provide multi-dimensional information for use in a chemical-sensing system. Less