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Nanostructure control and functioning expression of sugar derivatives / clay composite materials

糖衍生物/粘土复合材料的纳米结构调控与功能表达

基本信息

批准号：
18550139
负责人：
YOSHIOKA Mariko
金额：
$ 2.57万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Nanocomposite type polyols have been prepared from metyl-α-D-glucoside or hydroxypropyl sucrose dissolved within cyclic esters (ε-caprolactone, L-lactide) in which organically modified clays of 2〜5wt% amounts were pre-existed. By using them polyurethane foams have been made and characterized their densities, compression characteristics, DMA (compression mode) characteristics and all the rest. Nano-dispersion of clays resulted in upgrading of solid state properties, especially characteristics at low temperatures, and at the same time, deterioration in weathering resistance. For instance, the limiting density for compression testing was increase in value by the nano-dispersion of clays. From the above investigation, innovative betterment in the liquefaction of lignocellulosics was achieved. For the liquefied products thus obtained, nano-composite formation with clays and the functional capabilities of the products have been investigated. Nano-dispersion of certain clays within the compos … More ites was confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies as well as their increase in liquid viscosities. From the DMA measurement on the prepared polyurethane foams, advancement of physical properties, especially modulus of rigidity, and thermal resistance were observed. And from the SEM observation, uniformity of cell structure of the foams said to be attained by the clay nano-addition. For the certain clays, their simple addition into the liquefied lignocellulosic products was sufficient to attain their complete layer separation, realizing nanocomposite formations. Synthetic hectorite, one of the unmodified clays, was found to belong to an example of them. From DSC measurement, acceleration of three dimensional curing of phenol-liquefied biomass was found by the addition of clays and the extent of the acceleration of curing depended on the attainment degree of the clay's nano-dispersion. It was found that betterment of products was achieved by nano-addition of clays, and depending on the conditions of treatments the nano-dispersed clay acted as a catalyst for the deterioration reaction of the products. Less

以甲基-α-D-葡萄糖苷或羟丙基蔗糖为原料，在环酯（ε-己内酯、L-丙交酯）中预先加入2 ~ 5wt%的有机改性粘土，制备了纳米复合型多元醇。利用它们制备了聚氨酯泡沫塑料，并对其密度、压缩特性、DMA（压缩模式）特性等进行了表征。粘土的纳米分散导致固态性质的升级，特别是在低温下的特性，同时，耐候性恶化。例如，通过粘土的纳米分散，压缩测试的极限密度值增加。通过上述研究，实现了木质纤维素液化的创新性改进。对于由此获得的液化产物，已经研究了与粘土的纳米复合物形成和产物的功能能力。某些粘土在复合材料中的纳米分散 ...更多信息通过X-射线衍射研究以及它们在液体粘度上的增加证实了这些点。通过对所制备的聚氨酯泡沫的DMA测试，观察到物理性能，特别是刚性模量和耐热性的提高。从SEM观察可知，纳米粘土的加入使泡沫的泡孔结构均匀。对于某些粘土，它们简单地添加到液化木质纤维素产品中足以实现它们的完全层分离，实现纳米复合材料的形成。合成锂蒙脱石，未改性粘土之一，被发现属于其中的一个例子。从DSC测量，苯酚液化的生物质的三维固化的加速被发现通过添加粘土和固化的加速程度取决于粘土的纳米分散的实现程度。结果表明，纳米粘土的加入对产品质量有明显的改善作用，纳米粘土的加入对产品的劣化起着催化剂的作用。少