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Experimental analyses on the effect of the larval growth rate to the predation mortality of small pelagic fishes

幼体生长速度对中上层小型鱼类捕食死亡率影响的实验分析

基本信息

批准号：
18580197
负责人：
OOZEKI Yoshioki
金额：
$ 2.46万
依托单位：
Fisheries Research Agency
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18580197/
关键词：
small pelagic fishes predation growth swimming activity school 群れ

项目摘要

INTRODUCTION Growth rates of fish larvae represent survival potential during these stages, playing a key role in survival dynamics. The paradigm that faster-growing individuals are more likely to survive has emerged through numerous studies, and led to various field study designs, although there have been some conflicting observations. Anderson(1988) concluded that the theory linking growth rate and mortality provides a rational framework, but that the relationship remains to be quantified. To clarify how growth rates regulate survival, experimental analyses were conducted to demonstrate the relationships between environmental and biological factors, including growth rate and nutritional condition, and swimming activity which highly related to the escape ability from the predation risks. Two major approaches were adopted in our study.1) Measurement of the endurance speed of young Japanese anchovy Young fishes of Japanese anchovy, Engraulis japonicus, were used for measuring of 60 minut … More es endurance speed in a water tunnel(100 cm long x 30 cm depth x 30 cm width) at a temperature of 17-27℃. Elapsed time from start of swimming were measured individually and biological parameters(body length, body weight, visceral weight and weight of stomach content) were measured after the experiments. Endurance time changed depending on temperature and several biological parameters, and decreased according with the increase of specific speed in body length.2) Sampling instrument for selecting fishes in the different school positions A sampling instrument for selecting fishes in the different school positions was designed. The selecting sampling instrument was built and attached in the water tunnel mentioned above. More than ten times sampling trials were done on the young fishes of Japanese anchovy. Fast, middle and slow group of young fishes in each school were sampled at the same time. Results of otolith analyses indicated no clear relationships between the larval growth rate and the position in the school. Less

介绍生长率的仔鱼代表在这些阶段的生存潜力，在生存动态中发挥着关键作用。通过大量研究，已经出现了生长速度较快的个体更有可能生存的范式，并导致了各种实地研究设计，尽管存在一些相互矛盾的观察结果。安德森（1988）的结论是，将增长率和死亡率联系起来的理论提供了一个合理的框架，但这种关系仍有待量化。为了阐明生长率如何调节生存，进行了实验分析，以证明环境和生物因素之间的关系，包括生长率和营养条件，以及游泳活动，高度相关的逃避捕食风险的能力。本研究主要采用两种方法：1）测定日本鳀鱼幼鱼的耐力速度。 ...更多信息在17-27℃的温度下，在水洞（100 cm长x 30 cm深x 30 cm宽）中测试耐久速度。分别测量从游泳开始的经过时间，并在实验后测量生物学参数（体长、体重、内脏重量和胃内容物重量）。耐受时间随温度和几个生物学参数的变化而变化，随体长比速度的增加而减小。2）不同群聚位置鱼类选择取样器设计了一种不同群聚位置鱼类选择取样器。在上述水洞中建造并安装了选择性采样仪器。对日本幼鱼进行了十余次抽样试验。同时对各鱼群的快、中、慢幼鱼组进行取样。耳石分析结果表明，幼虫的生长速度和学校的位置之间没有明确的关系。少