OCTN regulates intestinal homeostasis through the transport of bacterial products.

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In this research, we have obtained the results as follows;1. Conditioned media of some sorts of Lactobacillus and Bacillus subtilis induce heat shock protein in human and mice intestinal epithelia.2. These conditioned media protect intestinal epithelia from oxidant stress.3. Competence and sporualtion factor (CSF) secreted by B. subtilis is an active molecule for the protective effect.4. Lactobacillus also secrets active molecules for the effect.5. Oragnic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2) mediates the physiological function of B. subtilis through the transport of CSF from lumen into intestinal epithelia.6. Either TNFa or IFNg promotes OCTN2 function. OCTN2 expression is increased in some cases of Crohn's disease whereas no change of OCTN2 expression in other cases.Considering the results mentioned above, epithelial cells are regarded to sense intestinal environment through the transport of bacterial products and change the conditions of intestinal tissues. This is a novel mechanism of host-microbial interaction firstly found in this research. Furthermore, 2 peptides identified in this research are possibly valuable for developing a new therapeutic strategy for gastrointestinal diseases.