Structure and Relaxation Characteristics, and Functionnalization of Liquid-Crystalline Glassy Materials Based on Mesomorphic Cholesterol Derivatives and Polysaccharides

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The present research aimed at elucidating supramolecular structure and thermal and optical properties of (a) cholesteryl complexes with aliphatic amines and (b) highly substituted cellulose and chitin alkyl esters, both forming a liquid-crystalline (LC) glassy phase. Optically functional materials based on other related derivatives were also designed.1. Complexes of Cholesterol Derivatives with Aliphatic Monoamines:(1) Enthalpy relaxation of the LC glasses formed by 1:1 complex salts of cholesterol hydrogen phthalate (CHP) or succinate (CHS) with normal aliphatic monoamines (Cn-amine's) was studied as a function of the carbon number of the amine component. Complex mixtures composed of CHIP or CHS and two equimolar Cm- and Cn- amines of m≠n were also used as the LC glass samples. Comparative discussion was made by taking account of an effect of the distribution in length of the amino alkyl chain and a difference in the type of molecular arrangement in the respective LC glasses.(2) Ionic … More complexes of CHS with amine compounds containing a photo-functional azobenzene moiety were found to be applicable to a new recording system utilizing a reversible anisotroipic-isotropic glassy phase transition.2. Highly Substituted Cellulose and Chitin Alkyl Esters:Thermal transition schemes were completed for cellulose tri-normal acylates (Cn-ACells) and chitin di-normal acylates (Cn-ACh) of n=4-20. The arrangements of trunk-polymer chains and alkyl side-chains in the plural mesomorphic states observed by DSC thermal analysis were made clearer by a temperature-controlled X-ray diffractometry.3. Other Related Derivatives of Cellulose and Chitin:Polymer composites were prepared in film form from cholesteric LC solutions of cellulose and chitin derivatives via photo-polymerization of vinyl monomers as solvent, and the chiroptical properties of the solid films were investigated. Some miscible blends of cellulose esters with vinyl copolymers were evaluated for the applicability to functional films as a birefringence-controllable optical medium. Less