Bone and cartilage regeneration by using fat tissue without cell culture

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Differentiation for osteoblastHuman adipose-derived adult stem cells from liposuction aspirates were cultured with or without bFGF. For osteoblastic differentiation, cells were treated with dexamethasone or BMP-2. These cells were determined for alkaline phosphatase activity and analyzed by real-time RT-PCR for osteoblast markers. Alkaline phosphatase-positive cells were present in cells treated with dexamethasone or BMP-2. Gene expression for osteoblast markers were increased. Osteoblastic differentiation was enhanced in cell cultured with bFGF.Bone and cartilage formation in vivoCultuted cells or fresh cells were seeded into Collagraft scaffolds and implanted under the skin of nude mice. Bone formation was assessed by histology at 8 weeks. Histologically, bone formation was detected in small amounts. Immunohistochemistry revealed some cells were derived from human tissue. Fresh processed adipocytes were mixed with collagen gel and implanted into articular cartilage defects drilled into rat knees. Cartilage repair was assessed by histology at 4 weeks. Histologically, cartilage repair was detected and most of area was fibrocartilage.