The structure of habitual action : Flexibility and time series

我们研究了视觉控制运动在两项技术任务中的作用，绘画和双球把戏“挥杆入内”。在第一项研究中，两位画家被要求在一张白纸上画一个青铜脚。通过数码摄像机和3D动作捕捉系统记录了纸上的画面和画家的动作。采用RQA策略，量化了画家运动的动态特性。研究发现，在人物和纸张之间转移视线的头部运动和拿铅笔的手的运动是相互耦合的，这样就不会相互失调。在Bilboquet任务中，四名专家和四名新手进行了200次测试。专家的头部和膝盖的运动更广泛，头部和球的耦合，膝盖和球的专家比新手更紧密。在每次试验结束时，专家组的头部和球之间的距离比新手组更一致。这些发现表明，Bilboquet专家控制他们的身体运动，以动态协调他们的身体与运动的球和专家的头部和球的强耦合似乎有助于他们的视力稳定。

We examined the role of visually controlled movement in a two skilled task, drawing and a Bilboquet trick "Swing-in."In a first study on a blank sheet of paper, two painters were asked to draw a bronze figure of a foot. Both the picture on the paper and the movement of the painters were recorded by digital video camera and 3D motion capture system. Using RQA strategies, the dynamical properties of the movement of the painters were quantified. It was found that the movement of the head to shift gaze between the figure and the paper, and the movement of the hand holding a pencil was reciprocally coupled in such a way not to be dysfunctional to each other.In a Bilboquet task, four expert and four novice players performed 200 trials. The expert's head and knee movements were more extensive and the couplings of the head and the ball, the knee and the ball were tighter in the experts than the novice's. And at the end of each trial, distances between the head and the ball in the expert group were more consistent than that in the novice group. These findings suggest that Bilboquet experts control their body movement to dynamically coordinate their body with the moving ball and the strong coupling of the head and the ball in the experts seemed to contribute the stabilization of their vision.