Formal Semantic Studies of "Degrees" and "Differences"

“度”与“差”的正式语义研究

• 批准号: 19520353
• 负责人: KURAFUJI Takeo
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: University of the Ryukyus
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2007 至 2009
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19520353/
• 关键词: 比較構文; 程度表現; 動的意味論; 差の比較; 比較表現; 形式意味論; 接頭辞; モデル理論的意味論

This research project investigated the semantics of degree expressions such as comparative constructions and the out-prefix sentence in English, and (tentatively) concluded the following. (1) Positive extents and differences are both regarded as sets of points on a scale, so that they are in the same semantic type, but they are different in sorts, and therefore cannot co-occur. Negative extents can be regarded as the same sort of differences in that they are defined as a difference between the whole scale and a positive extent. If so, negative extents are not independent sorts in the ontology of degrees. (2) It is widely assumed that truth conditions of comparative sentences like A is taller than B are represented as tall(A)>tall(B), but as far as the Japanese comparative construction is concerned, they should be represented as $d[d=tall(A)-tall(B)], in which the existential quantifier binds the degree variable. Given that Japanese yori/izyooni 'than'-clauses have anaphoric degree variables, the compositional relation between the matrix and the subordinate 'than'-clauses can be captured by dynamic binding.

本研究对英语中的比较结构、外前缀句等程度表达的语义进行了研究，并初步得出以下结论。(1)肯定程度和差异都被看作是一个尺度上的点的集合，因此它们属于同一语义类型，但它们的种类不同，因此不能共现。负的程度可以被视为相同种类的差异，因为它们被定义为整个规模和正的程度之间的差异。如果是这样的话，负范围在度本体论中就不是独立的排序。(2)一般认为，A is taller than B等比较句的真值条件表示为tall（A）>tall（B），但就日语比较句而言，它们应表示为$d[d=tall（A）-tall（B）]，其中存在量词约束程度变量。鉴于日语的“than”小句具有照应程度变量，“than”小句与“than”小句之间的组合关系可以通过动态绑定来捕捉。

项目成果

形式意味論からの期待

对形式语义的期望

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Kurafuji;Takeo;藏藤健雄;藏藤健雄;蔵藤健雄
• 通讯作者: 蔵藤健雄

A Demonstrative Analysis of Anaphora in Hob-Nob Sentences, Akito Sakurai, Koichi Hasida and Katsumi Nitta (eds. )

《Hob-Nob 句子中照指的实证分析》，Akito Sakurai、Koichi Hasida 和 Katsumi Nitta（编辑）

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence
• 作者: Kurafuji;Takeo
• 通讯作者: Takeo

A Demonstrative Analysis of Anaphora in Hob-Nob Sentences

Hob-Nob 句中回指的实证分析

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence: JSAI 2003 and JSAI 2004 Conferences and Workshops Niigata, Japan, June 2003 and Kanazawa, Japan, May/June 2004 Revised Selected Papers
• 作者: Kurafuji;Takeo
• 通讯作者: Takeo

Clausal Pied-Piping and Cyclicity of Ellipsis: Evidence from Truncated Wh-Questions in Okinawan

子句花哨和省略循环：冲绳截断 Wh 问题的证据

• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: North East Linguistic Society 38
• 作者: Kurafuji;Takeo
• 通讯作者: Takeo

程度表現への動的アプローチ

学位表示的动态方法

• 发表时间: 2009
• 作者: Kurafuji;Takeo;藏藤健雄
• 通讯作者: 藏藤健雄