Development of Japanese Dialects from a viewpoint of the influential movement of central Dialect and its localization

本文通过分析日语在方言中的传播模式，考察了日语在方言中的发展过程。本文从地理语言学、日语历史语言学和方言学的角度对《日语方言语法图集》中的条件表达、意志和猜想表达以及礼貌表达进行了研究。结果，我们发现了五种模式。它们都有一个同心的语言分布格局，起源于日本古代的中心地区，作为根据地。其他图案包括日本东部和西部的对比图案，以及两个新的同心图案，它们起源于东部地区的江户和东京地区，以及西部地区的凯翰地区。

This paper investigates the developmental process of Japanese language included in dialects by analyzing the pattern of its propagation. The paper focuses on conditional expressions, expressions of will and conjecture, and polite expressions found in Grammar Atlas of Japanese Dialects (GAJ) and investigates them from the perspectives of geo-linguistics, Japanese historical linguistics and dialectology. As a result, five patterns were found. They share a concentric pattern of language distribution originated from Kink, the ancient central area of Japan, as the base. Additional patterns include contrasting patterns in Eastern Japan and Western Japan, and two new concentric patterns originated from Edo and Tokyo, the city area in the eastern region, and Keihan, the city areas in the western region.