Caused by the emergence of Robertsonian rearrangements in intersubspecies hybrid

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Four types of chromosome variations in Sika deer Cervus nippon were recognized in Japan. These chromosome variations were due to the Robertsonian fusion of two acrocentric pairs of autosomes, resulting in the formation of one metacentric pair. Different acrocentric pairs were involved in the formation of a metacentric pair between Kyushu type (nos.4 & 5) and Goto type (nos.18 and 27). Considering the distribution pattern of these types and hybrid and the direction of chromosome changes, it could be inferred that 1) Northern type first and then Chugoku type came into Japan from the Asian continent, and 2) Kyushu type and Goto type were independently differentiated from Chugoku type in Japan.