Assessment of nutrition education during pregnancy through child care period.

妊娠期至育儿期的营养教育评估。

• 批准号: 19592505
• 负责人: SAKAMOTO Megumi
• 金额: $ 2.66万
• 依托单位: Saitama Prefectural University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2007 至 2010
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19592505/
• 关键词: 食育; 妊娠; 育児; 看護; 健康教育; 栄養指導; 妊産婦

Purpose : The purpose of this research is to clarify a necessary content of the nutrition education to mother and child during pregnancy through child care period.Methods : 1)Longitudinal study on nutrition education to women during pregnancy through child care period in obstetrics facilities. 2)Investigation on nutrition education to mothers during child care period in pediatrics facilities. 3)Investigation on nutrition education to mothers who work late at night. 4)Interview investigation concerning nutrition education and nourishment guidance to nurses who work for obstetrics or pediatrics departmentResults : 1) Eating behavior was not changed in the middle term of pregnancy compared with before pregnancy, even though the pregnant women recognized the importance and the necessity of the nourishment during pregnancy. In contrast, they thought an improvement of eating behavior in consideration with their fetal growth in the late term of pregnancy. Although they tried to change a part … More of eating behavior, those were still not sufficient or preferable. Although pregnant women had an interest to the birth and lactation, they didn't think about long-term nourishment through child care period. 2) Mothers had a little interest to their own eating behavior after birth until 4 months. They cooked in consideration with the meal balance only for supper. As to breakfast and lunch, they cooked staple food mostly. There were only 8.0% of mothers who had been cooking both main and side dishes in breakfast and lunch. They felt lots of difficulties to cook weaning foods and required a support to do. 3) Mothers who worked late at night tended to take meal outside and amusement facilities at nighttime frequently with their family compared with the control (i. e., housewives or working daytime). They were anxious about insufficient meal for children and broken daily rhythm and required a support for meal and adjustment of daily rhythm. Lack-of-breakfast rate was not different between groups. The nutrition education in consideration with the life rhythm is necessary for mothers who worked late at night. 4) The nutrition education and nourishment guidance of nurses who worked for obstetrics department was mainly the health care during pregnancy, the recovery support after birth, and the dietary instruction on lactation. They felt difficulties to do it compared with other works. The extracted factors for the difficulties were how to evaluate the meal, how to continue and improve the nourishment guidance, and the limited knowledge of the nutrition education and nourishment guidance, which were not enough to answer the question of pregnant women. They required a concrete and comprehensible tool for the nutrition education before, during and after pregnancy. The nutrition education and nourishment guidance of nurses who worked for pediatrics department was mainly the meal for children, weaning food, eating between meals at the time of medical check up, and the meal during diseases. The extracted factors for the difficulties were mother's poor interest for the meal, how to evaluate different stories from mother and child, how to educate them only by the words, and mother,s limited knowledge of lactation and milk.Discussion and conclusions : Nutrition education and the nourishment guidance during pregnancy should be concrete and include anticipated content that can be used for the child care period. It should continue during pregnancy through child care period. We revealed a concrete content of nourishment guidance including daily rhythm, and we made a tool for that before, during and after pregnancy, which included how to educate women and mothers. Less

目的：本研究旨在通过托儿期明确孕期母婴营养教育的必要内容。方法：1)对产科机构通过托儿期对孕期妇女进行营养教育的纵向研究。2)儿科机构托儿期母亲营养教育情况调查。3)夜间工作母亲营养教育情况调查。4)对妇产科护士进行营养教育和营养指导的访谈调查结果：1)妊娠中期孕妇虽然认识到营养的重要性和必要性，但与孕前相比，饮食行为没有发生改变。相反，她们认为饮食习惯的改善与怀孕后期胎儿的生长有关。尽管他们试图改变一部分…更多的饮食行为，但这些仍然不够，也不够可取。虽然孕妇对分娩和哺乳有兴趣，但她们没有考虑到在育儿期间的长期营养。2)母亲在出生后直到4个月才对自己的饮食行为有一点兴趣。他们只考虑晚餐的饭量。至于早餐和午餐，他们主要做主食。只有8.0%的母亲在早餐和午餐中同时做主菜和配菜。他们觉得煮断奶食物很困难，需要有人帮忙。3)与对照组（即家庭主妇或白天工作的母亲）相比，深夜工作的母亲更倾向于与家人在夜间外出用餐和娱乐设施。他们担心孩子的膳食不足和日常节奏的破坏，需要膳食支持和日常节奏的调整。两组之间缺乏早餐的比率没有差异。对晚班母亲进行符合生活节奏的营养教育是必要的。4)产科护士的营养教育和营养指导主要为孕期保健、产后康复支持和哺乳饮食指导。与其他工作相比，他们觉得做这件事很困难。提取的困难因素为如何评价膳食、如何继续和改进营养指导、营养教育和营养指导知识有限，这些因素不足以回答孕妇的问题。他们需要在怀孕前、怀孕期间和怀孕后进行具体和可理解的营养教育。儿科护士的营养教育和营养指导主要为儿童餐、断奶餐、体检时两餐间餐、疾病期间餐。提炼出的困难因素是母亲对饭菜的兴趣不高，如何评价母亲和孩子的不同故事，如何仅通过言语教育他们，以及母亲对哺乳和乳汁的知识有限。讨论与结论：孕期营养教育和营养指导应具体化，包括可用于幼儿期的预期内容。在怀孕和育儿期间应继续服用。我们揭示了营养指导的具体内容，包括日常节奏，我们制作了一个工具，用于怀孕前，怀孕期间和怀孕后，包括如何教育妇女和母亲。少