Molecular mechanism of regeneration and plasticity of the injured central nervous system

损伤中枢神经系统再生和可塑性的分子机制

• 批准号: 19679007
• 负责人: YAMASHITA Toshihide
• 金额: $ 73.55万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (S)
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2007 至 2011
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19679007/
• 关键词: 機能脳神経外科学; 再生; 中枢神経; 脊髄損傷

In the adult mammalian central nervous system(CNS), it is well known that injured axons exhibit very limited regeneration ability. Due to this lack of appropriate axonal regeneration, a traumatic damage to the adult brain and spinal cord frequently causes permanent neuronal deficits such as paralysis. Several axon growth inhibitors in the CNS have been identified in the myelin. These proteins contribute to the lack of regeneration of the injured CNS. However, it is noted that spontaneous functional recovery sometimes occurs following CNS injury. Synaptic plasticity in pre-existing pathways and the formation of new circuits through collateral sprouting of lesioned and unlesioned fibers are important components of this spontaneous recovery process. Our research has focused on regeneration and plasticity of destructed neural network in the CNS. It unveiled the mechanism of plasticity of neural circuit after injury to the adult CNS, although it had been believed that adult CNS does not regenerate if damaged.

在成年哺乳动物中枢神经系统（CNS）中，损伤的轴突表现出非常有限的再生能力是众所周知的。由于缺乏适当的轴突再生，对成人大脑和脊髓的创伤性损伤经常导致永久性神经元缺陷，如瘫痪。已经在髓磷脂中鉴定了CNS中的几种轴突生长抑制剂。这些蛋白质导致受损CNS的再生缺乏。然而，值得注意的是，自发的功能恢复有时发生在CNS损伤之后。预先存在的通路中的突触可塑性和通过损伤和未损伤纤维的侧支发芽形成新回路是这种自发恢复过程的重要组成部分。我们的研究主要集中在中枢神经系统中受损神经网络的再生和可塑性。尽管过去认为成年人中枢神经系统损伤后不能再生，但这一发现揭示了成年人中枢神经系统损伤后神经回路可塑性的机制。

项目成果

Axotomy induces axonogenesis in hippocampal neurons through STAT3.

• DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2011.59
• 发表时间: 2011-06-23
• 期刊: Cell death & disease
• 影响因子: 9

Regulation of Axonal Elongation and Pathfinding from the Entorhinal Cortex to the Dentate Gyrus in the Hippocampus by the Chemokine Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1α

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1670-08.2008
• 发表时间: 2008-08
• 期刊: The Journal of Neuroscience
• 作者: Yoichi Ohshima;T. Kubo;R. Koyama;M. Ueno;Masanori Nakagawa;T. Yamashita

視神経の軸索再生阻害の分子機構とその制御による再生誘導

视神经轴突再生抑制及其调控诱导再生的分子机制

• 发表时间: 2011
• 作者: 山下俊英

中枢神経回路の修復と再生

中枢神经回路的修复和再生

• 发表时间: 2009
• 作者: 山下俊英;下畠康幸;山下俊英
• 通讯作者: 山下俊英

脳神経回路の修復治療法の展望

脑神经回路修复治疗的前景

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Hayashi S;Shimoda T;Nakajima M;Tsukada Y;Sakumura Y;Dale JK;Maroto M;Kohno K;Matsui T;Bessho Y.;山下俊英
• 通讯作者: 山下俊英