Studies on the phased immune-barrier systems in gut-liver axis focusing on immune responses of mesenchymal cells

肠道是人体最大、最长的器官。人类肠道的平均长度约为10米，其内表面面积扩大到400平方米左右。它不断地与包括潜在病原体在内的许多外部因素相结合，并创造出巧妙的屏障系统。另一方面，肝脏位于肠道下游，因此肝脏对肠外和肠道炎症做出适应性反应，这被称为“肠-肝轴”。在本研究中，我们重点研究了肠-肝轴间充质细胞的炎症反应。本研究结果如下：脂质介质的炎症作用、自主神经系统与炎症的相互作用、炎症中收缩系统的变化、肝脏疾病中的循环功能障碍、专业免疫细胞在肠道炎症中的作用、ES细胞形成肠道样结构以及PARs在肠道炎症中的作用。

Gut is the largest and longest organ in the body. The average of the length of human gut is about 10 meter and the inner surface area of which is expanded to the order of 400 square-meters. It is constantly interfacing with many external factors including would-be pathogens, and creates artful barrier systems. On the other hand, liver is positioned downstream of the gut, and thus the liver adaptively responds to extra-intestinal and intestinal inflammation, which is termed as "Gut-Liver Axis". In this study, we focused on inflammatory reactions of mesenchymal cellsdistributed in Gut-Liver Axis. Findings obtained in this study are as follows; inflammatory actions of lipid mediators, interaction between autonomic nervous system and inflammation, changes in contractile systems in inflammation, circulatory dysfunction in liver disease, role of professional immune cells in gut inflammation, formation of gut-like structure from ES cells and role of PARs in gut inflammation.