Security System of Livelihood, Retirement Fund and Pension Schemes in East Asia

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This joint research project aimed at developing our previous project concerning "In Search of East Asian Welfare System : Company Benefits and National Social Security Schemes" (JSPS-sponsored academic program, 2005-2007). In that project (2005-2007), we selected seven countries or region (China, Taiwan, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia), and focused on the topics of national schemes of social security (framework and historical development), management-side views on welfare, individual services provided by each company for employees such as company housing, canteens, transportation services, medical services, subsidies to children, condolence money etc. and the composition of labor costs (statutory and non-statutory welfare costs) in the region.On the basis of this pioneering field surveys for 900 companies, we further planned to study on the national pension schemes, the development of state-designed retirement fund systems (Korea and Taiwan), provision of company-specific pension schemes (provident fund : Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore), a variety of policies for aged peoples (China, Korea, Singapore and Indonesia), and a rapid growth of "life insurance industry" in each country to support aged peoples' income. Through these surveys, we found the important fact that elder peoples of East Asian countries or region have suffered serious social risks in terms of both income and employment in spite of the fact that they have enjoyed good economic performance.