Genome sequencing of the Plasmodium vivax-related monkey malaria parasite, P. cynomolgi, by the massive sequencing system

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Plasmodium vivax infects only humans, although it is closely related to Old World monkey malaria parasites. In order to reveal genetic backgrounds of host switch and human infection of P. vivax, genome sequencing of P. cynomolgi and comparative genomic analyses were performed. Results revealed that about 10% of genes of the genomes are species-specific and belong to multigene families. Intriguingly, the number of genes in the DBP and RBP families, which encode parasite's ligands for the recognition of host erythrocytes, differed between P. vivax and related monkey malaria parasites.