Cultural Anthropological Aspects of Forced Travels : The Example of Exile in Asia During World War Two

可以证明，文化人类学因素（如，e。G.思乡之情，文化冲突之间的起源文化和抵达文化，试图连接这些文化）可以发现在流亡文本的不同类型（如，G.哲学、文化和文学文本）。因此，这些文本可以被称为“流亡文化文本”。然而，一般而言，可以考虑为流亡、移民和旅行的文本建立一个共同的分类。这种分类在文学研究和文化研究领域可以称为“跨文化文本”。“跨文化文本”这一操作性术语的创立是本研究项目的第一个重要成果。另一方面，将“流亡”一词放在跨文化的语境中进行分析，特别是日本人对“流亡”的理解。很明显，西方的“流放”概念（有其犹太-基督教根源）在日本文化中没有对应的概念。在日本，与“流放”近似的是“放逐”。“流亡”一词的文化人类学延伸和跨文化差异是该项目的第二个重要成果。通过对不同档案馆和图书馆的资料进行详细研究，以及随后将出版的一次学术会议，可以填补第二次世界大战期间日本势力范围内东亚流亡者连贯呈现方面的研究空白。这种对东亚流亡者的连贯呈现是该研究项目的第三个重要成果。

It could be demonstrated that the cultural anthropological factors (like, e. g. homesickness, cultural conflicts between culture of origin and culture of arrival, attempts of a connection of these cultures) could be found in exile texts of different genres (e. g. philosophical, cultural and literary texts). Therefore, these texts can be named as 'cultural text of exile'. It is, however, possible to consider generally to create a common classification for texts of exile, migration and travel. Such classification in the area of literary studies and cultural studies can be called 'transcultural text'. The creation of this operational term of 'transcultural text' is the first important result of the research project.On the other hand the term of exile was analyzed in the context of interculturality, in particular the Japanese understanding of exile. It became clear that the western concept of 'exile' (with its jewish-christian roots) has no equivalent in the Japanese culture. What corresponds approximately to 'exile' in Japan is 'banishment'. This cultural anthropological extension and intercultural differentiation of the term of 'exile' is the second important result of the project.Through detailed study of sources in different archives and libraries and an academic conference, which a publication will follow, the research gap in regard of a coherent presentation of the East Asian exile within the range of Japanese power during the Second World War could be closed. This coherent presentation of the East Asian exile is the third important result of the research project.