Observation of three-dimensional magnetic-moment density distribution in hard magnetic materials by using synchrotron radiation and neutron diffraction

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We have performed synchrotron X-ray magnetic diffraction experiment of a hard-magnetic material of a rare-earth ferromagnet of CeRh3B2 in which c axis is a magnetically hard axis, and we have obtained spin and orbital magnetic form factors for reciprocal lattice points of hk0 series. We have obtained the total magnetic form factor by summing them up. We have combined X-ray the magnetic form factor for hk0 series by the X-ray magnetic diffraction with the magnetic form factor for 0kl series by the polarized neutron diffraction in the literature, and we have performed the maximum-entropy analysis to the combined magnetic form factor data. Finally three dimensional density distribution of the magnetic moment has been successfully obtained. For the Ce sites, magnetic-moment distribution of 4f electrons has been observed. This research has shown that an experimental method has been developed for observing three dimensional density distributions of hard magnetic materials by utilizing both synchrotron X-ray magnetic diffraction and polarized neutron diffraction.