Microscopic mechanism of grain refinement during wear process in single crystals

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In order to investigate nucleation and development of grain boundaries during wear process, microstructures near the worn surface of single crystal specimens were analyzed. It is found that low-angle boundaries included in the area distant from the worn surface were generated as a result of rearrangement of dislocations which were introduced from the surface. Grain-boundary character distribution of high-angle boundaries parallel to the worn surface depended strongly on orientation of the single crystals. The characteristic Σ-value distribution of the high-angle boundaries in the single crystals was understood from the lattice rotation occurring around the axis which is normal to the wear direction.