Study on molecular mechanisms by which sweet constituents of Siraitia grosvenori exert anti-diabetes and anti-arteriosclerosis effects

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Siraitia grosvenori, a traditional Chinese fruit used for a folk medicine, contains mogroside V, one of triterpene glycosides, and has been commercially available as a low-calorie sweetener for over-weight people and diabetic patients. In this study, the anti-diabetic effect of this fruit was examined, and it was found that mogrol, which is the aglycon of mogroside V, stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells in vitro. From the aspect of anti-arteriosclerosis effect, it was elucidated that the extract of this fruit prevented oxidative stress induced by cholesterol loading in rats. In addition, the digestion, absorption, and disposition of mogroside V and its aglycon were also examined.