Cell biological study of primary cilia in non-epithelial cells

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Primary cilia in the oviduct mucosa and non-epithelial cultured cells were investigated by morphological and cell biological methods. The axoneme of primary cilia were lacking dynein arms and immotile. Displacement of peripheral doublets was suggested to be attributable to the lack of nexin links. Electron dense materials at the ciliary neck were thought to work as a barrier of the ciliary transport. Primary cilia of cultured fibroblasts such as KD cells extended into cytoplasmic vesicles and observed as a cilium within a periciliary sheath. Morphological changes of the ciliary membrane initially occurred at deciliation. The Rab family is a key regulator of vesicle trafficking and it is known that GTP-bound Rab8 is required for the biogenesis of ciliary membrane. About 20% of cultured fibroblast transected with siRNAs of Rab8a displayed giant primary cilia, indicating that Rab8a is concerned with the transport of the molecules that control the ciliary length. Microtubules of cilia, centrioles, and contractile rings were usually acetylated. Tubulin acetylase were demonstrated to be localized to the centrosome region.