Formation of basal body-associated structures in ciliated cells

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Cilia are long slender structures containing the axoneme that consists of microtubules. Cilia extend from the basal bodies that are same structure to centrioles. Basal bodies are associated with several basal-body associated structures such as striated rootlets, basal foot, and alar sheets. Formation of ciliated cells are called ciliogenesis. Fibrous granules are initial sturucture during ciliogenesis. They are used for formation of basal bodies and striated rootless.In vertebrate cells, the centrosome consists of a pair of centrioles and surrounding pericentriolar material (PCM). Using anti-Golgi 58K protein antibodies that recognize formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase (FTCD), we investigated its localization to the centrosome in various cultured cells and human oviductal secretory cells by immunohistochemistry. In addition to the Golgi apparatus, FTCD was localized to the centrosome, more abundantly around the mother centriole. The centrosome localization of FTCD continued throughout the cell cycle and was not disrupted after Golgi fragmentation, which was induced by colcemid and brefeldin A. Centriole microtubules are polyglutamated and stable against tubulin depolymerizing drugs. FTCD in the centrosome may be associated with polyglutamated residues of centriole microtubules and may play a role in providing centrioles with glutamate produced by cyclodeaminase domains of FTCD.Striated rootles are bundles of filaments with stiations. Function of rootletin on formation of cilia was investigated in cultured KD cells by siRNA. Knock down of rootletin induced disappearance of striated rootlets, however, cilia were developed as in control cells.