Single-stage gas gun

这项建议是由单级压缩气炮对由金属或纤维增强材料制成的轻质结构进行高速冲击(HVI)试验，以了解和模拟损伤机理，并能够评估新结构概念的抗损伤能力或能量吸收能力。这类HVI载荷工况在飞机建造和其他技术学科中发挥着重要作用，因为出于安全原因，它们通常代表大量结构部件的尺寸载荷工况。例如鸟撞、冰雹、轮胎或轮缘碎片的撞击等。在研究新的、更可持续的或更轻的飞机设计时，高VI载荷的实验和数值考虑是至关重要的。这种气枪的原理是压力容器中的压缩气体突然膨胀，使嵌入弹托中的子弹沿着长管加速，向固定的样品或结构部件射击。弹丸对试验结构的影响和结构响应，一方面通过高速摄像机和通过Aramis传感器的光学三维应变场测量来定性和定量地评估，另一方面通过应变片、力传感器或加速度传感器来进行，这就要求有足够多的测量通道的高速数据记录器。在航空研究领域，较大的弹丸尤其相关，即由明胶、轮胎部件、轮缘部件、无人机部件等制成的鸟用替代弹丸。因此，我们正在申请一种管径足够大(220毫米)的气枪，其弹丸质量范围为900-3,600 g，撞击速度约为100-250 m/S。作为Heimbs教授新任命到布伦施韦格理工学院的一部分，与这一大型研究设施相关的研究目的包括调查高动态材料和轻质结构材料的损伤行为。开发更耐冲击的材料，研究冲击保护系统(用于结构、坦克、乘客的安全)，研究新型冲击载荷情况，如无人机碰撞，研究简化、标准化的替代弹丸，改进和验证数值模拟方法，对许多研究项目所需的大型演示器或原型的抗冲击性进行实验演示，制定针对特定行业的指南、标准和要求，以及将HVI研究成果从航空研究应用到汽车工程、轨道运输或风力涡轮机领域。

This proposal is for a single-stage compressed gas gun to carry out high-velocity impact (HVI) tests on lightweight structures made of metallic or fibre-reinforced materials in order to understand and simulate damage mechanisms and to be able to evaluate new structural concepts with regard to their damage resistance or energy absorption capability. Such HVI load cases play a major role in aircraft construction and other technical disciplines because they often represent the dimensioning load cases for a large number of structural components for safety reasons. Examples include bird strike, hailstorm, impact from tyre or rim fragments, etc. In the research of new, more sustainable or lighter aircraft designs, the experimental and numerical consideration of HVI loads is of paramount importance. Such a gas gun is based on the principle of the abrupt expansion of a compressed gas from a pressure vessel, which accelerates a projectile embedded in a sabot along a long tube to shoot it at a fixed sample or structural component. The impact of the projectile on the test structure and the structural response are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively on the one hand by means of high-speed cameras as well as optical 3D strain field measurement via Aramis sensor, and on the other hand by means of strain gauges, force sensors or acceleration sensors, for which a high-speed data recorder with a sufficiently high number of measuring channels is required. In the field of aeronautical research, larger projectiles are particularly relevant, i.e. bird subsitute projectiles made of gelatine, tyre parts, wheel rim parts, drone components, etc. Therefore, we are applying for a gas gun with a sufficiently large tube diameter (220 mm) for projectile masses in the range of 900-3,600 g at impact velocities of about 100-250 m/s. The goals of the research associated with this large-scale research facility as part of Prof. Heimbs' new appointment at TU Braunschweig include the investigation of the highly dynamic material and damage behaviour of lightweight structural materials incl. the development of more resistant materials, the research of impact protection systems (for the safety of structures, tanks, passengers), the research of novel impact load cases such as drone collision, the research of simplified, standardised substitute projectiles, the improvement and validation of numerical simulation methods, the experimental demonstration of the impact resistance of large-scale demonstrators or prototypes desired in many research projects, the development of industry-specific guidelines, standards and requirements, as well as the utilisation and transfer of HVI research findings from aeronautics research to the fields of automotive engineering, rail transport or wind turbines.