Integrated analysis of geriatric depression: EEG/ERP and MRI studies.

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The aim of this study is to establish temporal slow waves on electroencephalography (EEG) as a biomarker for geriatric depression. Using dipole source modeling, this EEG pattern was found to originate from the medial temporal area in both normal and depressed subjects. In an auditory P3 study, normal subjects with this EEG pattern showed a longer P3 latency, which is originated from the hippocampus than subjects without this EEG pattern. A voxel-based morphometry study did not detect focal brain lesions associated with this EEG pattern. Thus, this EEG pattern may indicate dysfunction of the medial temporal region with little morphological abnormalities. Geriatric depressive subjects with this EEG pattern showed a decrease in the left hippocampal volume compared to normal subjects with this EEG pattern. In this subgroup of geriatric depression, the hippocampal region may be involved in developing depression.