Promoter hypermethylation and microsatellite instability in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with other primary sites

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In cultured cells from head and neck cancer, hypermethylation was detected at DAP-K in 28.6%, at MGMT in 28.6%, and at hMLH1 in 14.3%. These frequencies are similar to those reported in other studies. This findings suggest that hypermethylation of several tumor-associated genes plays an important role in tumorgenesis of head and neck cancer. The proportion of high-frequency MSI patients was higher in cases with multiple primary cancers than in those without them (p=0.0310). MSI thus appears to be a candidate biomarker for prediction the development of secondary cancer in head and neck cancer patients.